Leviticus 11:15

Old Testament Law (Torah) ASV (1901)

What does Leviticus 11:15 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “every raven after its kind,” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

every raven after its kind,
Leviticus 11:15 — American Standard Version

Context — Leviticus 11

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
15every raven after its kind,

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“Every raven after his kind.] The red raven, night raven, the water raven, river raven, wood raven, etc. this also includes crows, rooks, pies, jays, and jackdaws, etc. The raven was with the Heathens sacred to Apollo f276 , is a voracious creature, and so reckoned among unclean ones, and unfit for food; nor does the care that God takes of these creatures, or the use he has made of them, contradict this; (see <183841>Job 38:41 <19E709>Psalm 147:9 <111704>1 Kings 17:4,6).”
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Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“the raven--including the crow, the pie.”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“As far as they can be identified, the birds here mentioned are such as live upon animal food. They were those which the Israelites might have been tempted to eat, either from their being easy to obtain, or from the example of other nations, and which served as types of the entire range of prohibited kinds. Leviticus 11:13 The eagle - Rather, the great vulture, which the Egyptians are known to have ranked as the first among birds. Compare 2 Samuel 1:23; Psalms 103:5; Proverbs 23:5, etc. The Ossifrage, or bone-breaker, was the lammer-geyer, and the “ospray” (a corruption of ossifrage) the sea-eagle. Leviticus 11:14 The vulture - Rather, the (black) kite Isaiah 34:15 : “the kite,” rather the…”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“After his kind - According to the several kinds, known by this general name, which includes, besides ravens properly so called, crows, rooks, pyes, and others. Leviticus 11:20”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“Gen 8:7; Kg1 17:4, Kg1 17:6; Pro 30:17; Luk 12:24 Leviticus 11:16”
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Keil & Delitzsch
C. F. Keil & F. Delitzsch · Commentary on the Old Testament · 19th-century historical commentary
“"Every raven after his kind," i.e., the whole genus of ravens, with the rest of the raven-like birds, such as crows, jackdaws, and jays, which are all of them natives of Syria and Palestine. The omission of ו before את, which is found in several MSS and editions, is probably to be regarded as the true reading, as it is not wanting before any of the other names. Leviticus 11:16”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification