Psalms Chapter 18

Old Testament Poetry/Hymns 50 Verses

What is Psalms 18 about?

One hundred fifty inspired poems and hymns — Israel's prayer book, spanning lament and praise, confession and trust. The complete chapter text below provides the immediate literary context for study.

Text — American Standard Version (1901)

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. For original Hebrew/Greek interlinear text, open in BibleWord.ai.
1I love thee, O Jehovah, my strength.
2Jehovah is my rock, and my fortress, and my deliverer; My God, my rock, in whom I will take refuge; My shield, and the horn of my salvation, my high tower.
3I will call upon Jehovah, who is worthy to be praised: So shall I be saved from mine enemies.
4The cords of death compassed me, And the floods of ungodliness made me afraid.
5The cords of Sheol were round about me; The snares of death came upon me.
6In my distress I called upon Jehovah, And cried unto my God: He heard my voice out of his temple, And my cry before him came into his ears.
7Then the earth shook and trembled; The foundations also of the mountains quaked And were shaken, because he was wroth.
8There went up a smoke out of his nostrils, And fire out of his mouth devoured: Coals were kindled by it.
9He bowed the heavens also, and came down; And thick darkness was under his feet.
10And he rode upon a cherub, and did fly; Yea, he soared upon the wings of the wind.
11He made darkness his hiding-place, his pavilion round about him, Darkness of waters, thick clouds of the skies.
12At the brightness before him his thick clouds passed, Hailstones and coals of fire.
13Jehovah also thundered in the heavens, And the Most High uttered his voice, Hailstones and coals of fire.
14And he sent out his arrows, and scattered them; Yea, lightnings manifold, and discomfited them.
15Then the channels of waters appeared, And the foundations of the world were laid bare, At thy rebuke, O Jehovah, At the blast of the breath of thy nostrils.
16He sent from on high, he took me; He drew me out of many waters.
17He delivered me from my strong enemy, And from them that hated me; for they were too mighty for me.
18They came upon me in the day of my calamity; But Jehovah was my stay.
19He brought me forth also into a large place; He delivered me, because he delighted in me.
20Jehovah hath rewarded me according to my righteousness; According to the cleanness of my hands hath he recompensed me.
21For I have kept the ways of Jehovah, And have not wickedly departed from my God.
22For all his ordinances were before me, And I put not away his statutes from me.
23I was also perfect with him, And I kept myself from mine iniquity.
24Therefore hath Jehovah recompensed me according to my righteousness, According to the cleanness of my hands in his eyesight.
25With the merciful thou wilt show thyself merciful; With the perfect man thou wilt show thyself perfect;
26With the pure thou wilt show thyself pure; And with the perverse thou wilt show thyself froward.
27For thou wilt save the afflicted people; But the haughty eyes thou wilt bring down.
28For thou wilt light my lamp: Jehovah my God will lighten my darkness.
29For by thee I run upon a troop; And by my God do I leap over a wall.
30As for God, his way is perfect: The word of Jehovah is tried; He is a shield unto all them that take refuge in him.
31For who is God, save Jehovah? And who is a rock, besides our God,
32The God that girdeth me with strength, And maketh my way perfect?
33He maketh my feet like hinds` [feet]: And setteth me upon my high places.
34He teacheth my hands to war; So that mine arms do bend a bow of brass.
35Thou hast also given me the shield of thy salvation; And thy right hand hath holden me up, And thy gentleness hath made me great.
36Thou hast enlarged my steps under me, And my feet have not slipped.
37I will pursue mine enemies, and overtake them; Neither will I turn again till they are consumed.
38I will smite them through, so that they shall not be able to rise: They shall fall under my feet.
39For thou hast girded me with strength unto the battle: Thou hast subdued under me those that rose up against me.
40Thou hast also made mine enemies turn their backs unto me, That I might cut off them that hate me.
41They cried, but there was none to save; Even unto Jehovah, but he answered them not.
42Then did I beat them small as the dust before the wind; I did cast them out as the mire of the streets.
43Thou hast delivered me from the strivings of the people; Thou hast made me the head of the nations: A people whom I have not known shall serve me.
44As soon as they hear of me they shall obey me; The foreigners shall submit themselves unto me.
45The foreigners shall fade away, And shall come trembling out of their close places.
46Jehovah liveth; and blessed be my rock; And exalted be the God of my salvation,
47Even the God that executeth vengeance for me, And subdueth peoples under me.
48He rescueth me from mine enemies; Yea, thou liftest me up above them that rise up against me; Thou deliverest me from the violent man.
49Therefore I will give thanks unto thee, O Jehovah, among the nations, And will sing praises unto thy name.
50Great deliverance giveth he to his king, And showeth lovingkindness to his anointed, To David and to his seed, for evermore. Psalm 19 For the Chief Musician. A Psalm of David.

What do historical commentaries say about this chapter?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · on verse 1
“I will love thee, O Lord, my strength.] These words are not in twenty second chapter of Second Samuel: the psalm there begins with (<191802>Psalm 18:2). The psalmist here expresses his love to the Lord, and his continuance in it; that Jehovah the Father was, is, and ever will be the object of Christ’s love, is certain; and which has appeared by his readiness in the council and covenant of grace to do his will; by his coming down from heaven to earth for that purpose; by his delight in it, it being his meat and drink to do it; and by his sufferings and death, which were in compliance with, and obedience to it,…”
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Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · on verse 1
“"The servant of the LORD," which in the Hebrew precedes "David," is a significant part of the title (and not a mere epithet of David), denoting the inspired character of the song, as the production of one entrusted with the execution of God's will. He was not favored by God because he served Him, but served Him because selected and appointed by God in His sovereign mercy. After a general expression of praise and confidence in God for the future, David gives a sublimely poetical description of God's deliverance, which he characterizes as an illustration of God's justice to the innocent and His righteous…”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · on verse 1
“I will love thee, O Lord - This verse is not found in the song in 2 Samuel 22:0. It appears to have been added after the first composition of the psalm, either by David as expressive of his ardent love for the Lord in view of his merciful interpositions in his behalf, and on the most careful and most mature review of those mercies, or by the collector of the Psalms when they were adapted to purposes of public worship, as a proper commencement of the psalm - expressive of the feeling which the general tenor of the psalm was fitted to inspire. It is impossible now to determine by whom it was added; but no one can…”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · on verse 1
“Love - Most affectionately, and with my whole soul; as the Hebrew word signifies. Psalms 18:2”
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Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale House Publishers · Tyndale Open Study Notes · on verse 1
“Ps 18 This royal drama of divine rescue (also found with minor variations in 2 Sam 22:1-51) encourages readers who are following the laments and requests for rescue in Pss 16 and 17. The psalmist describes the dramatic nature of God’s rescue in three different ways (18:7-15, 16-19, 30-36). The psalm also extends hope that a future Son of David will be totally victorious over evil (18:43-50; cp. Ps 2). 18:title David was a faithful servant of the Lord, charged with the responsibility of establishing God’s kingdom on earth (see 78:70; 132:10; 144:10). • The Lord rescued David from all his enemies when he enabled…”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · on verse 1
“in the day: Psa 34:19; Exod. 15:1-21; Judg. 5:1-31; Sa1 2:1-10; Isa 12:1-6 I will: Psa 116:1-6, Psa 144:1, Psa 144:2; Jo1 4:19 my: Psa 18:32, Psa 28:7, Psa 28:8, Psa 118:14; Isa 12:2; Phi 4:13; Col 1:11 Psalms 18:2”
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Keil & Delitzsch
C. F. Keil & F. Delitzsch · Commentary on the Old Testament · on verse 1
“(Heb.: 18:2-4) The poet opens with a number of endearing names for God, in which he gratefully comprehends the results of long and varied experience. So far as regards the parallelism of the members, a monostich forms the beginning of this Psalm, as in Psa 16:1-11; Psa 23:1-6; Ps 25 and many others. Nevertheless the matter assumes a somewhat different aspect, if Psa 18:3 is not, with Maurer, Hengstenberg and Hupfeld, taken as two predicate clauses (Jahve is..., my God is...), but as a simple vocative-a rendering which alone corresponds to the intensity with which this greatest of the Davidic hymns opens-God being…”
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