Genesis 2:12

“And the gold of that land is good, etc.] Arabia was famous for gold: Diodorus Siculus f149 speaks of gold in Arabia, called “apyrus”, which is not melted by fire out of small filings, as other; but as soon as dug is said to be pure gold, and that in the size of chestnuts, and of such a flaming colour, that the most precious stones are set in it by artificers for ornament: and in Colchis and Scythia, as Strabo f150 relates, there are rivers which produce gold; and from whence came the fable of the golden fleece, the Argonauts went to Colchis for: there is the bdellium, and the onyx stone; the first of these is either an aromatic gum; the tree, according to Pliny f151, is black, and is of the…”

“- XI. The Garden 8. גן gan “garden, park,” παράδεισος paradeisos, “an enclosed piece of ground.” עדן ‛ēden “Eden, delight.” קדם qedem “fore-place, east; foretime.” 11. פישׁון pı̂yshôn Pishon; related: “flow over, spread, leap.” חוילה chăvı̂ylâh Chavilah. חול chôl “sand.” חבל chebel “region.” 12. בדלם bedolam, ἄνθραξ anthrax, “carbuncle,” (Septuagint) Βδέλλιον bdellion, a gum of eastern countries, Arabia, India, Media (Josephus, etc.). The pearl (Kimchi). שׁהם sohām πράσινος prasinos, “leeklike,” perhaps the beryl (Septuagint), ὄνυξ onux, “onyx, sardonyx,” a precious stone of the color of the nail (Jerome). 13. גיחון gı̂ychôn Gichon; related: “break forth.” כוּשׁ kûsh Kush; r.…”

“2:12 The magnificence and fertility of the garden are pictured as spreading to the surrounding regions through the rivers flowing out from it. The four rivers possibly imply that the garden’s bounty flowed out to the four corners of the earth. • Gold and onyx were later used for decorating the Tabernacle, the Temple (Exod 25:3-9; 1 Chr 29:2), and the priests’ clothing (Exod 28:9-14, 20). • Resin was used in sacred incense (Exod 30:34).”

“Bdellium is a transparent aromatic gum. The onyx is a precious stone, so called from a Greek word signifying a man's nail, to the colour of which it nearly approaches. Num 11:7 onyx: Exo 28:20, Exo 39:13; Job 28:16; Eze 28:13 Genesis 2:13”