Amos 1:9

“Thus saith the Lord, for three transgressions of Tyrus, etc.] Or Tyre, a very ancient city in Palestine; of which (see Gill on “<232301>Isaiah 23:1”); and for four, I will not turn away [the punishment] thereof; (see Gill on “<300103>Amos 1:3”); because they delivered up the whole captivity to Edom: such of the Israelites that fell into their hands, or fled to them for shelter, they delivered up to the Edomites, their implacable adversaries, or sold them to them, as they did to the Grecians, (<290306>Joel 3:6); and remembered not the brotherly covenant; either the covenant and agreement that should be among brethren, as the Jews and Edomites were which the Tyrians should have remembered, and…”

“Tyrus . . . delivered up the . . . captivity to Edom--the same charge as against the Philistines (Amo 1:6). remembered not the brotherly covenant--the league of Hiram of Tyre with David and Solomon, the former supplying cedars for the building of the temple and king's house in return for oil and corn (Sa2 5:11; Kg1 5:2-6; Kg1 9:11-14, Kg1 9:27; Kg1 9:10-22; Ch1 14:1; Ch2 8:18; Ch2 9:10).”

“The last crowning sin, for which judgment is pronounced on Tyre, is the same as that of Philistia, and probably was enacted in concert with it. In Tyre, there was this aggravation, that it was a violation of a previous treaty and friendship. It was not a covenant only, nor previous friendliness only; but a specific covenant, founded on friendship which they forgat and brake. If they retained the memory of Hiram’s contact with David and Solomon, it was a sin against light too. After David had expelled the Jebusites from Jerusalem, “Hiram King of Tyre sent messengers to David, and cedar trees and carpenters and masons; and they built David a house” 2 Samuel 5:11. The Philistines contrariwise…”

“The brotherly covenant - Which was between Hiram on the one part, and David and Solomon on the other. Amos 1:11”

“1:9 Tyre and Sidon were the principal seaports of Phoenicia. • Tyre’s crime, like Philistia’s (1:6-8), was selling whole villages of Israelite captives to the Edomites as slaves, a captivity made more bitter by a sense of betrayal (see 2 Sam 5:11; 1 Kgs 5:1, 11; 16:30-31). Tyre’s reputation was “anything is for sale”; Isaiah portrayed the city as a prostitute peddling her wares (Isa 23:15-17).”

“Tyrus: Isa. 23:1-18; Jer 47:4; Ezek. 26:1-28:26; Joe 3:4-8; Zac 9:2-4 because: Amo 1:6, Amo 1:11 brotherly covenant: Heb. covenant of brethren, Sa2 5:11; Kg1 5:1-11, Kg1 9:11-14; Ch2 2:8-16 Amos 1:10”

“Tyre or Phoenicia. - Amo 1:9. "Thus saith Jehovah: For three transgressions of Tyre, and for four, I shall not reverse it, because they have delivered up prisoners in full number to Edom, and have not remembered the brotherly covenant, Amo 1:10. I send fire into the wall of Tyrus, and it will devour their palaces." In the case of Phoenicia, the capital only (Tzōr, i.e., Tyrus; see at Jos 19:29) is mentioned. The crime with which it is charged is similar to the one for which the Philistines were blamed, with this exception, that instead of על־הגלותם להסגּיר ( Amo 1:6) we have simply על־הסגּירם. If, therefore, Tyre is only charged with delivering up the captives to Edom, and not with having…”