Amos 1:11

“Thus saith the Lord for three transgressions of Edom, etc.] Or the Edomites, the posterity of Esau, whose name was Edom, so called from the red pottage he sold his birthright for to his brother Jacob: and for four, I will not turn away [the punishment] thereof; (see Gill on “<300103>Amos 1:3”). Among these three or four transgressions, not only what follows is included, but their idolatry; for that the Edomites had their idols is certain, though what they were cannot be said; (see <142514>2 Chronicles 25:14); because he did pursue his brother with the sword: not Esau his brother Jacob; for though he purposed in his heart to slay him, which obliged him to flee; and frightened him, upon his…”

“Edom . . . did pursue his brother-- (Isa 34:5). The chief aggravation to Edom's violence against Israel was that they both came from the same parents, Isaac and Rebekah (compare Gen 25:24-26; Deu 23:7-8; Oba 1:10, Oba 1:12; Mal 1:2). cast off all pity--literally, "destroy compassions," that is, did suppress all the natural feeling of pity for a brother in distress. his wrath for ever--As Esau kept up his grudge against Jacob, for having twice supplanted him, namely, as to the birthright and the blessing (Gen 27:41), so Esau's posterity against Israel (Num 20:14, Num 20:21). Edom first showed his spite in not letting Israel pass through his borders when coming from the wilderness, but…”

“Edom - God had impressed on Israel its relation of brotherhood to Edom. Moses expressed it to Edom himself , and, after the suspicious refusal of Edom to allow Israel to march on the highway through his territory, he speaks as kindly of him, as before; “And when we passed by from our brethren, the children of Esau” Deuteronomy 2:8. It was the unkindness of worldly politics, and was forgiven. The religious love of the Egyptian and the Edomite was, on distinct grounds, made part of the law. “Thou shalt not abhor an Edomite, for he is thy brother: thou shalt not abhor an Egyptian; because thou wast a stranger in his land” Deuteronomy 23:7. The grandchild of an Egyptian or of an Edomite was…”

“Pursue - Watched for, and laid hold on every occasion to oppress Israel. Did tear - As a ravenous and fierce lion tears the prey. Amos 1:12”

“1:11 Edom was another betrayer (see 1:9; Gen 36; see also Gen 25:23-30; 27:39-40). • The NLT adds the Israelites to make explicit what relatives (literally brother) means (see Gen 25:25-30). “Brothers” can also refer to parties to a treaty (see Amos 1:9). Apparently Edom exerted constant pressure on the borders of Israel and Judah, raiding and plundering at moments of weakness (Jer 49:7-22; Obad 1:1-9).”

“Edom: Isa 21:11, Isa 21:12, 34:1-17, Isa 63:1-7; Jer. 49:7-22; Eze 25:12-14, Eze 35:1-15; Oba 1:1-14; Mal 1:4 because: Gen 27:40, Gen 27:41; Num 20:14-21; Deu 2:4-8, Deu 23:7; Ch2 28:17; Psa 83:3-8; Psa 137:7; Lam 4:21, Lam 4:22; Eze 25:12, Eze 35:5, Eze 35:6, Eze 35:11; Joe 3:19; Oba 1:10-14; Mal 1:2 did cast off all pity: Heb. corrupted his compassions kept: Psa 85:5; Ecc 7:9; Isa 57:16; Mic 7:18; Eph 4:26, Eph 4:27, Eph 5:1 Amos 1:12”

“Edom. - Amo 1:11. "Thus saith Jehovah: For three transgressions of Edom, and for four, I shall not reverse it, because it pursues its brother with the sword, and stifles its compassion, and its anger tears in pieces for ever, and it keeps its wrath for ever, Amo 1:12. I send fire into Teman, and it will devour the palaces of Bozrah." Edom and the two following nations were related to Israel by lineal descent. In the case of Edom, Amos does not condemn any particular sins, but simply its implacable, mortal hatred towards its brother nation Israel, which broke out into acts of cruelty at every possible opportunity. ושׁחת רחמיו, he annihilates, i.e., suppresses, stifles his sympathy or his…”