Isaiah 21:4

Old Testament Major Prophet ASV (1901)

What does Isaiah 21:4 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “My heart fluttereth, horror hath affrighted me; the twilight that I desired hath been turned into trembling unto me.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

My heart fluttereth, horror hath affrighted me; the twilight that I desired hath been turned into trembling unto me.
Isaiah 21:4 — American Standard Version

Context — Isaiah 21

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
4My heart fluttereth, horror hath affrighted me; the twilight that I desired hath been turned into trembling unto me.

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“My heart panted, &c.] Fluttered about, and could hardly keep its place: or, “my mind wandered”f407; like a person in distraction and confusion, that knew not what to think say or do: fearfulness affrighted me; the terror of Cyrus’s army seized him, of its irruption into the city, and of his being destroyed by it; the writing on the wall threw him into a panic, and the news of the Medes and Persians being entered the city increased it: the night of my pleasure hath he turned into fear unto me; in which he promised himself so much pleasure, at a feast he had made for his princes, wives, and concubines; either in honour of his god, as some thinkf408, being an annual one; or, as Josephus ben…”
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Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“panted--"is bewildered" [BARNES]. night of my pleasure--The prophet supposes himself one of the banqueters at Belshazzar's feast, on the night that Babylon was about to be taken by surprise; hence his expression, "my pleasure" (Isa 14:11; Jer 51:39; Dan. 5:1-31).”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“My heart panted - Margin, ‘My mind wandered.’ The Hebrew word rendered ‘panted’ (תעה tâ‛âh) means to wander about; to stagger; to be giddy; and is applied often to one that staggers by being intoxicated. Applied to the heart, it means that it is disquieted or troubled. The Hebrew word “heart” here is to be taken in the sense of “mind.” The night of my pleasure - There can be no doubt that the prophet here refers to the night of revelry and riot in which Babylon was taken. The prophet calls it the night of “his” pleasure, because he represents himself as being “in” Babylon when it should be taken, and, therefore, uses such language as an inhabitant of Babylon would use. “They” would call it…”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“The night - In which I used to have sweet repose. He seems to have had this vision in a night. But withal this signified that horror and destruction, which should befal the Babylonians in a night of feasting and jollity. He - God, who shewed him that vision. Isaiah 21:5”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“heart panted: or, mind wandered the night: Isa 5:11-14; Sa1 25:36-38; Sa2 13:28, Sa2 13:29; Est 5:12, Est 7:6-10; Job 21:11-13; Jer 51:39, Jer 51:57; Dan 5:1, Dan 5:5, Dan 5:30; Nah 1:10; Luk 21:34-36 turned: Heb. put Isaiah 21:5”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification