Isaiah 1:28

Old Testament Major Prophet ASV (1901)

What does Isaiah 1:28 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “But the destruction of transgressors and sinners shall be together, and they that forsake Jehovah shall be consumed.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

But the destruction of transgressors and sinners shall be together, and they that forsake Jehovah shall be consumed.
Isaiah 1:28 — American Standard Version

Context — Isaiah 1

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
28But the destruction of transgressors and sinners shall be together, and they that forsake Jehovah shall be consumed.

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“And the destruction of the transgressors and of the sinners [shall be] together, &c.] Of the beast and false prophet, of the followers of antichrist, the man of sin, who are transgressors of the law of God, and sinners against the Lord; the destruction of these, or the breaking of them into shivers, as the wordf38 signifies, (see <660227>Revelation 2:27) will be at the time of Zion’s redemption, and make a part of it; and it shall be all at once and together; these sinners will be all together consumed out of the earth, and these wicked antichristian ones will be no more in it, (<19A435>Psalm 104:35 <661808> Revelation 18:8) and they that forsake the Lord; his word, his worship and…”
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Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“destruction--literally, "breaking into shivers" (Rev 2:27). The prophets hasten forward to the final extinction of the ungodly (Psa 37:20; Rev 19:20; Rev 20:15); of which antecedent judgments are types.”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“And the destruction - Hebrew שׁבר sheber - the breaking, or crushing, that is, the punishment which was about to come upon them; compare Lamentations 2:11; Lamentations 3:47; Proverbs 16:18. Of the transgressors - “Revolters,” or those that rebel against God. And of the sinners - Of all the sinners in the nation, of all kinds and degrees. Together - At the same time with the redemption of Zion. Shall be consumed - יכלוּ yı̂kelû, from כלה kâlâh, to be completed, or finished; to be consumed, wasted away; to vanish, or disappear. It denotes complete and entire extinction; or the completing of anything. It is applied to a cloud of smoke, that entirely dissolves and disappears: As the cloud is…”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“the destruction: Heb. the breaking, Job 31:3; Psa 1:6, Psa 5:6, Psa 37:38, Psa 73:27, Psa 92:9, Psa 104:35, Psa 125:5; Pro 29:1; Luk 12:45, Luk 12:46; Th1 5:3; Th2 1:8, Th2 1:9; Pe2 3:7; Rev 21:8 they that: Isa 30:13, Isa 50:11, Isa 65:11; Sa1 12:25; Kg1 9:6-9; Ch1 28:9; Zep 1:4-6 Isaiah 1:29”
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Keil & Delitzsch
C. F. Keil & F. Delitzsch · Commentary on the Old Testament · 19th-century historical commentary
“"And breaking up of the rebellious and sinners together; and those who forsake Jehovah will perish." The judicial side of the approaching act of redemption is here expressed in a way that all can understand. The exclamatory substantive clause in the first half of the v. is explained by a declaratory verbal clause in the second. The "rebellious" were those who had both inwardly and outwardly broken away from Jehovah; "sinners," those who were living in open sins; and "those who forsake Jehovah," such as had become estranged from God in either of these ways. Isaiah 1:29”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification