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Esther 3:5

Old Testament Historical ASV (1901)

What does Esther 3:5 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “And when Haman saw that Mordecai bowed not down, nor did him reverence, then was Haman full of wrath.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

And when Haman saw that Mordecai bowed not down, nor did him reverence, then was Haman full of wrath.
Esther 3:5 — American Standard Version

Context — Esther 3

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
2And all the king`s servants, that were in the king`s gate, bowed down, and did reverence to Haman; for the king had so commanded concerning him. But Mordecai bowed not down, nor did him reverence.
3Then the king`s servants, that were in the king`s gate, said unto Mordecai, Why transgressest thou the king`s commandment?
4Now it came to pass, when they spake daily unto him, and he hearkened not unto them, that they told Haman, to see whether Mordecai`s matters would stand: for he had told them that he was a Jew.
5And when Haman saw that Mordecai bowed not down, nor did him reverence, then was Haman full of wrath.
6But he thought scorn to lay hands on Mordecai alone; for they had made known to him the people of Mordecai: wherefore Haman sought to destroy all the Jews that were throughout the whole kingdom of Ahasuerus, even the people of Mordecai.
7In the first month, which is the month Nisan, in the twelfth year of king Ahasuerus, they cast Pur, that is, the lot, before Haman from day to day, and from month to month, [to] the twelfth [month], which is the month Adar.
8And Haman said unto king Ahasuerus, There is a certain people scattered abroad and dispersed among the peoples in all the provinces of thy kingdom; and their laws are diverse from [those of] every people; neither keep they the king`s laws: therefore it is not for the king`s profit to suffer them.
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What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“And when Haman saw that Mordecai bowed not, nor did him reverence, etc.] For, after the information given him, he observed and watched him, to see whether he bowed and did him reverence or not: then was Haman full of wrath; exceedingly displeased and angry; it was such a mortification to him he could not bear.”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“that Mordecai: Est 3:2, Est 5:9 full of wrath: Est 1:12; Gen 4:5, Gen 4:6; Job 5:2; Pro 12:16, Pro 19:19, Pro 21:24, Pro 27:3, Pro 27:4; Dan 3:19 Esther 3:6”
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Related study paths

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Sources and verification