Zechariah 12:8

Old Testament Minor Prophet ASV (1901)

What does Zechariah 12:8 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “In that day shall Jehovah defend the inhabitants of Jerusalem: and he that is feeble among them at that day shall be as David; and the house of David shall be as God, as the angel of Jehovah before them.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

In that day shall Jehovah defend the inhabitants of Jerusalem: and he that is feeble among them at that day shall be as David; and the house of David shall be as God, as the angel of Jehovah before them.
Zechariah 12:8 — American Standard Version

Context — Zechariah 12

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
8In that day shall Jehovah defend the inhabitants of Jerusalem: and he that is feeble among them at that day shall be as David; and the house of David shall be as God, as the angel of Jehovah before them.

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“In that day shall the Lord defend the inhabitants of Jerusalem, etc.] As with a shield against their enemies; and such is the Lord to all his people; he is their shield to protect them; he keeps and guards them by his power; he encompasses them about with his favour, as with a shield; and gives unto them the shield of salvation; all which will eminently appear to be the case of the Jews at this time: and he that is feeble among them at that day shall be as David; they that have the most fearful hearts, and feeble minds, shall be as courageous, as valiant, and as victorious as David; and they that are the weakest, in a spiritual sense, in the grace and in the doctrine of faith, and in that…”
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Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“Jerusalem, however, also shall be specially strengthened against the foe. feeble . . . shall be as David--to the Jew, the highest type of strength and glory on earth (Sa2 17:8; Sa2 18:3; Joe 3:10). angel of the Lord before them--the divine angel that went "before them" through the desert, the highest type of strength and glory in heaven (Exo 23:20; Exo 32:34). "The house of David" is the "prince," and his family sprung from David (Eze 45:7, Eze 45:9). David's house was then in a comparatively weak state.”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“In that day the Lord shall defend the inhabitants of Jerusalem; and he that is feeble, rather, he theft stumbleth among them, shall be as David - The result of the care and the defense of God is here wholly spiritual, “the strengthening of such as do stand, and the raising up of such as fall.” It is not simply one feeble, but one “stumbling” and ready to fall, who becomes as David, the great instance of one who fell, yet was raised. Daniel says of a like trial-time, “And some of those of understanding shall stumble, to try them and to purge and to make them white, to the time of the end” Daniel 11:35. Ribera: “Such care will God have of protecting the sons of the Church, when it shall be…”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“As David - A mighty man of valour. The house of David - Those of the royal line shall be for prudence, and prowess in the conduct of the armies of Israel, most excellent; exprest here in an hyperbole. As the angel - Nay, like the angel of the Lord, like Christ who is captain of our salvation. Zechariah 12:9”
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Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale House Publishers · Tyndale Open Study Notes · Modern study notes
“12:8 The angel of the Lord is here equated with God, represented as a Divine Warrior, rescuer, and protector (see 1:11; 3:1; Exod 14:19; 15:3; Isa 59:15-20; 63:1-6). By divine enabling, the weak will be imbued with God’s power.”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“defend: Zac 2:5, Zac 9:8, Zac 9:15, Zac 9:16; Joe 3:16, Joe 3:17 he: Isa 30:26; Jer 30:19-22; Eze 34:23, Eze 34:24; Joe 3:10; Mic 5:8, Mic 7:16; Heb 11:34 feeble: or, abject, Heb. fallen, Isa 49:7, Isa 53:3; Jer 27:10; Mic 7:8 the house: Psa 2:6, Psa 2:7, Psa 45:6, Psa 45:7, Psa 110:1, Psa 110:2; Isa 7:13, Isa 7:14, Isa 9:6, Isa 9:7; Jer 23:5, Jer 23:6, Jer 33:15, Jer 33:16; Eze 37:24-26; Hos 1:7, Hos 3:5; Mic 5:2-4; Mat 1:23; Joh 17:21-23; Rom 1:3, Rom 1:4, Rom 9:5; Ti1 3:16; Rev 22:13, Rev 22:16 as the: Zac 3:1, Zac 3:2; Gen 22:15-17, Gen 48:15, Gen 48:16; Exo 23:20, Exo 23:21; Jos 5:13, Jos 5:14; Sa2 14:17-20; Isa 63:9; Hos 12:3; Mal 3:1; Act 7:30-35 Zechariah 12:9”
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Keil & Delitzsch
C. F. Keil & F. Delitzsch · Commentary on the Old Testament · 19th-century historical commentary
“Zac 12:8. "On that day Jehovah will shelter the inhabitants of Jerusalem; and he that stumbleth among them will be as David on that day; and the house of David as God, as the angel of Jehovah before them. Zac 12:9. And it will come to pass on that day, I will seek to destroy all the nations that come against Jerusalem." In the conflict with the heathen nations, the Lord will endow the inhabitants of Jerusalem with marvellous strength with which to overcome all their foes. The population of Jerusalem is divided into two classes, the weak and the strong. The weak are designated as hannikhshâl, the stumbling one, who cannot stand firmly upon his feet ( Sa1 2:4). These are to become like David,…”
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Sources and verification