Romans 8:30

“Moreover, whom he did predestinate, etc..] Not to sufferings, which are not expressed nor designed, but to grace and glory after mentioned. This predestination is of particular persons, who, in consequence of it, are called, justified, and glorified; it is the effect of divine grace, and entirely owing to it; it is the source of all the other blessings of grace, and is therefore placed at the head of them, and secures them all: them he also called; not to afflictions: many may be called to afflictions, and endure them, who are neither justified nor glorified; besides, the people of God, though they meet with many afflictions, between their call to eternal glory, and their enjoyment of it,…”

“Moreover--"And," or "Now"; explanatory of Rom 8:29 --In "predestinating us to be conformed to the image of His Son" in final glory, He settled all the successive steps of it. Thus whom he did predestinate, them he also called--The word "called" (as HODGE and others truly observe) is never in the Epistles of the New Testament applied to those who have only the outward invitation of the Gospel (as in Mat 20:16; Mat 22:14). It always means "internally, effectually, savingly called." It denotes the first great step in personal salvation and answers to "conversion." Only the word conversion expresses the change of character which then takes place, whereas this "calling" expresses the divine…”

“Moreover ... - In this verse, in order to show to Christians the true consolation to be derived from the fact that they are predestinated, the apostle states the connection between that predestination and their certain salvation. The one implied the other. Whom he did predestinate - All whom he did predestinate. Them he also called - Called by his Spirit to become Christians. He called, not merely by an external invitation, but in such a way as that they in fact were justified. This cannot refer simply to an external call of the gospel, since those who are here said to be called are said also to be justified and glorified. The meaning is, that there is a certain connection between the…”

“Them he - In due time. Called - By his gospel and his Spirit. And whom he called - When obedient to the heavenly calling, Act 26:19. He also justified - Forgave and accepted. And whom he justified - Provided they "continued in his goodness," Rom 11:22, he in the end glorified - St. Paul does not affirm, either here or in any other part of his writings. that precisely the same number of men are called, justified, and glorified. He does not deny that a believer may fall away and be cut off between his special calling and his glorification, Rom 11:22. Neither does he deny that many are called who never are justified. He only affirms that this is the method whereby God leads us step by step…”

“8:30 gave them his glory: Elsewhere in this passage, the glory Christians will experience is consistently in the future (8:18, 21, 23). The past tense here refers to God’s past decision to glorify us in the future. We have not yet entered into our inheritance, but the Father has irrevocably determined to give us his glory.”

“Moreover: Rom 8:28, Rom 1:6, Rom 9:23, Rom 9:24; Isa 41:9; Co1 1:2, Co1 1:9; Eph 4:4; Heb 9:15; Pe1 2:9; Pe2 1:10; Rev 17:14, Rev 19:9 he called: Rom 3:22-26; Co1 6:11; Tit 3:4-7 he justified: Rom 8:1, Rom 8:17, Rom 8:18, Rom 8:33-35, Rom 5:8-10; Joh 5:24, Joh 6:39, Joh 6:40, Joh 17:22, Joh 17:24; Co2 4:17; Eph 2:6; Col 3:4; Th1 2:12; Th2 1:10-12, Th2 2:13, Th2 2:14; Ti2 2:11; Heb 9:15; Pe1 3:9, Pe1 4:13, Pe1 4:14, Pe1 5:10 Romans 8:31”