Romans 14:11

“For it is written, etc..] In (<234523>Isaiah 45:23); though Justin Martyr f254 cites a like passage with what follows, as out of Ezekiel 37, but no such words appear there, either in the Hebrew text, or Septuagint version: as I live, saith the Lord; the form of an oath used often by the Lord; who because he could swear by no greater, he swore by himself, by his own life; signifying, that what he was about to say, would as surely come to pass, as that he lived; and in the original text in Isaiah it is, “I have sworn by myself”; which being generally expressed, the apostle, perfectly agreeable to the meaning of it, gives the particular form of oath he swore, as in (<234918>Isaiah 49:18); every…”

“For it is written-- (Isa 45:23). As I live, saith the Lord--Hebrew, JEHOVAH. every knee shall bow to me, and every tongue shall confess to God--consequently, shall bow to the award of God upon their character and actions.”

“For it is written - This passage is recorded in Isaiah 45:23. It is not quoted literally, but the sense is preserved. In Isaiah there can be no doubt that it refers to Yahweh. The speaker expressly calls himself Yahweh, the name which is appropriate to God alone, and which is never applied to a creature; Romans 14:18. In the place before us, the words are applied by Paul expressly to Christ; compare Romans 14:10. This mode of quotation is a strong incidental proof that the apostle regarded the Lord Jesus as divine. On no other principle could he have made these quotations. As I live - The Hebrew is, “I have sworn by myself.” One expression is equivalent to the other. An “oath” of God is…”

“As I live - An oath proper to him, because he only possesseth life infinite and independent. It is Christ who is here termed both Lord and God; as it is he to whom we live, and to whom we die. Every tongue shall confess to God - Shall own him as their rightful Lord; which shall then only be accomplished in its full extent. The Lord grant we may find mercy in that day; and may it also be imparted to those who have differed from us! yea, to those who have censured and condemned us for things which we have done from a desire to please him, or refused to do from a fear of offending him. Isa 45:23 Romans 14:13”

“14:11 This quotation is from Isa 49:18; 45:23. In its original context, Isa 45:23 is surrounded by assertions of God’s sovereignty (Isa 45:22, 24). Only the sovereign God has the right to stand in judgment (Rom 14:10, 12).”

“As: Num 14:21, Num 14:28; Isa 49:18; Jer 22:24; Eze 5:11; Zep 2:9 every knee: Psa 72:11; Isa 45:22-25; Phi 2:10; Rev 5:14 confess: Rom 10:9, Rom 15:9; Mat 10:32; Jo1 4:15; Jo2 1:7 Romans 14:12”