Romans 14:10

“But why dost thou judge thy brother? etc..] These words are spoken to the man weak in faith, that scrupled eating of certain meats, and chose rather eat none, and live on herbs, and who esteemed one day above another; and was very apt to censure and condemn such as made use of their Christian liberty in these things, though they were brethren, not in a natural or civil, but in a spiritual relation: or why dost thou set at nought thy brother? these words, on the other hand, are directed to the stronger believer, who believed he might eat all things, and esteemed every day alike; being fully persuaded, that the distinction of meats and of days was now ceased; and such were apt to be puffed up…”

“But why, &c.--The original is more lively:--"But thou (the weaker believer), why judgest thou thy brother? And thou again (the stronger), why despisest thou thy brother?" for we shall all--the strong and the weak together. stand before the judgment-seat of Christ--All the most ancient and best manuscripts read here, "the judgment-seat of God." The present reading doubtless crept in from Co2 5:10, where "the judgment-seat of Christ" occurs. But here "the judgment-seat of God" seems to have been used, with reference to the quotation and the inference in Rom 14:11-12.”

“But why ... - Since we are all subjects and servants alike, and must all stand at the same tribunal, what right have we to sit in judgment on others? Thou judge - Thou who art a “Jewish” convert, why dost thou attempt to arraign the “Gentile” disciple, as if he had violated a law of God? compare Romans 14:3. Thy brother - God has recognised him as his friend Romans 14:3, and he should be regarded by thee as “a brother” in the same family. Or why dost thou set at nought - Despise Romans 14:3; why dost thou, who art a “Gentile” convert, despise the “Jewish” disciple as being unnecessarily scrupulous and superstitious? Thy brother - The Jewish convert is now a brother; and all the contempt…”

“Or why dost thou despise thy brother - Hitherto the apostle as addressed the weak brother: now he speaks to the stronger. Romans 14:11”

“14:10 we will all stand before the judgment seat of God: Paul reminds the Roman Christians that it is the Lord, not other Christians, who will ultimately judge all of us (cp. 2 Cor 5:10).”

“set: Rom 14:3, Rom 14:4; Luk 23:11; Act 4:11 for: Rom 2:16; Ecc 12:14; Mat 25:31, Mat 25:32; Joh 5:22; Act 10:42, Act 17:31; Co1 4:5; Co2 5:10; Jde 1:14, Jde 1:15; Rev 20:11-15 Romans 14:11”