Psalms 80:4

“O Lord God of hosts - Yahweh, God of armies. That is either (a) the God who rules among the hosts of heaven - the inhabitants of that holy world; or (b) God of the hosts of the sky - the worlds above - the stars, that seem marshalled as hosts or armies, and that are led forth each night with such order and grandeur; or (c) God of the hosts on earth - the armies that are mustered for war. The phrase is one which is often applied to God. See the notes at Psalms 24:10; and at Isaiah 1:24. How long wilt thou be angry - Margin, as in Hebrew, wilt thou smoke. The allusion is derived from the comparison of anger with fire. See the notes at Psalms 74:1. Against the prayer of thy people - That is,…”

“80:4-7 The people cry out for rescue from the shame of their recent defeat. The enemy’s victory is less devastating, however, than the knowledge that they themselves are objects of God’s wrath.”

“how long: Psa 85:5; Isa 58:2, Isa 58:3, Isa 58:6-9; Lam 3:44; Mat 15:22-28; Luk 18:1-8 be angry: Heb. smoke, Psa 74:1; Deu 29:20 Psalms 80:5”

“In the second strophe there issues forth bitter complaint concerning the form of wrath which the present assumes, and, thus confirmed, the petition rises anew. The transferring of the smoking (עשׁן) of God's nostrils = the hard breathing of anger ( Psa 74:1, Deu 29:19), to God Himself is bold, but in keeping with the spirit of the Biblical view of the wrath of God (vid., on Psa 18:9), so that there is no need to avoid the expression by calling in the aid of the Syriac word עשׁן, to be strong, powerful (why art Thou hard, why dost Thou harden Thyself...). The perfect after עד־מתי has the sense of a present with a retrospective glance, as in Exo 10:3, cf. עד־אנה, to be understood after the…”