Psalms 51:14

“Deliver me from blood guiltiness, etc.] Or “from bloods” f692; meaning not the corruption of nature; (see <261606>Ezekiel 16:6); though to be rid of that, and to be free from the guilt and condemnation of it, is very desirable, ( <450724>Romans 7:24); but either from capital punishment in his family, the effusion of blood and slaughter in it, threatened him on account of his sin, (<101210>2 Samuel 12:10). So the Targum is, “deliver me from the judgment of slaying or killing;” or rather from the guilt of the blood of Uriah, and other servants of his, he had been the occasion of shedding, and was chargeable with, being accessary thereunto, (<101115>2 Samuel 11:15-17 12:9); which lay heavy upon…”

“Deliver--or, "Free me" (Psa 39:8) from the guilt of murder (Sa2 12:9-10; Psa 5:6). righteousness--as in Psa 7:17; Psa 31:1.”

“Deliver me from blood-guiltiness, O God - Margin, as in Hebrew, “bloods.” So it is rendered by the Septuagint and the Latin Vulgate. Luther renders it “blood-guilt.” DeWette, “from blood.” Compare Isaiah 4:4. The “plural” form - “bloods” - is used probably to mark “intensity,” or to denote “great” guilt. The allusion is to the guilt of shedding blood, or taking life (compare Genesis 9:5-6), and the reference is undoubtedly to his guilt in causing Uriah, the husband of Bathsheba, to be slain. 2 Samuel 11:14-17. It was this which weighed upon his conscience, and filled him with alarm. The guilt of this he prayed might be taken away, that he might have peace. The “fact” of the shedding of that…”

“Thy righteousness - Thy clemency and goodness. Psalms 51:15”

“51:14 shedding blood: This idiom includes any injustice, not just homicide (9:12; 58:10; see 2 Sam 11:14-26; cp. Isa 1:15-17).”

“Deliver: Psa 26:9, Psa 55:23; Gen 9:6, Gen 42:22; Sa2 3:28, Sa2 11:15-17, Sa2 12:9, Sa2 21:1 bloodguiltiness: Heb. bloods, Eze 33:8; Hos 4:2; Act 18:6, Act 20:26 thou God: Psa 38:22, Psa 68:20, Psa 88:1; Isa 12:2, Isa 45:17; Hab 3:18 tongue: Psa 35:28, Psa 71:15-24, Psa 86:12, Psa 86:13 righteousness: Ezr 9:13; Neh 9:33; Dan 9:7, Dan 9:16; Rom 10:3 Psalms 51:15”

“The third part now begins with a doubly urgent prayer. The invocation of God by the name Elohim is here made more urgent by the addition of אלהי תשׁוּעתי; inasmuch as the prayers for justification and for renewing blend together in the "deliver me." David does not seek to lessen his guilt; he calls it in דּמים by its right name, - a word which signifies blood violently shed, and then also a deed of blood and blood-guiltiness ( Psa 9:13; Psa 106:38, and frequently). We have also met with הצּיל construed with מן of the sin in Psa 39:9. He had given Uriah over to death in order to possess himself of Bathsheba. And the accusation of his conscience spoke not merely of adultery, but also of…”