Psalms 125:2

“As the mountains [are] round about Jerusalem, etc.] There was Mount Zion on the side of the north, and the mount of Olives on the east, and other mountains on the other sides of it; so that it was encompassed with them, and was naturally as well as artificially fortified. Tacitusf1758 describes Jerusalem as inaccessible, walls and mountains, rocks and towers, surrounding it: and the poet Coerilusf1759 makes mention of a people that spoke the Phoenician language, by whom he plainly means the Jews, oikoun d’en solumoiv oresi, “that inhabited the mountains of Solyma”; which are spoken of by Homerf1760, from whence, according to Tacitusf1761, Jerusalem had its name: yet, as Kimchi observes, this…”

“As the mountains are round about Jerusalem - Hebrew, “Jerusalem - the mountains are round about her.” Jerusalem, except on the north, is encompassed with hills or mountains, so that although the city was built on hills - Zion, Moriah, Bezethah, Acra - it was itself surrounded by hills higher than any of these, and was, in a certain sense, in a valley. See the notes at Matthew 2:1. Compare the notes at Psalms 48:1-14. So the Lord is round about his people ... - As Jerusalem is thus protected by the hills around, so the people of God are protected by Yahweh. He surrounds the church; he is exalted far above the church; he guards the approaches to the church; he can defend it from all its foes.…”

“125:2 surrounds: God guards and protects like a wall of fire (Zech 2:5).”

“As the mountains: Lam 4:12 the Lord: Psa 34:7; Deu 33:27; Isa 4:5; Zac 2:5; Joh 10:28, Joh 10:29 Psalms 125:3”