Proverbs 25:21

Old Testament Wisdom/Poetry ASV (1901)

What does Proverbs 25:21 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “If thine enemy be hungry, give him bread to eat; And if he be thirsty, give him water to drink:” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

If thine enemy be hungry, give him bread to eat; And if he be thirsty, give him water to drink:
Proverbs 25:21 — American Standard Version

Context — Proverbs 25

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
21If thine enemy be hungry, give him bread to eat; And if he be thirsty, give him water to drink:

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“If thine enemy be hungry, give him bread to eat, etc.] Which includes all manner of food; whatever persons may have in their houses, that they should bring out and feed the hungry with, even though an enemy; and if he be thirsty, give him water to drink; which was what was usually and in common drank in those countries. These two, bread and water, take in all the necessaries of life; and giving them is expressive of all acts of beneficence and humanity to be performed to enemies; (see <120622>2 Kings 6:22); or “drink to him”, so Pagninus and Montanus; which is still more expressive of respect and kindness.”
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Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“(Compare Mat 5:44; Rom 12:20). As metals are melted by heaping coals upon them, so is the heart softened by kindness.”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“A precept reproduced by Paul Romans 12:20; the second clause of which seems at first sight to suggest a motive incompatible with a true charity. Leviticus 16:12 suggests an explanation. The high priest on the Day of Atonement was to take his censer, to fill it with “coals of fire,” and then to put the incense thereon for a sweet-smelling savor. So it is here. The first emotion in another caused by the good done to him may be one of burning shame, but the shame will do its work and the heart also will burn, and prayer and confession and thanksgiving will rise as incense to the throne of God. Thus, “we shall overcome evil with good.” return to 'Top of Page'”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“Bread - By bread and water he understands all things necessary for his subsistence. Proverbs 25:22”
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Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale House Publishers · Tyndale Open Study Notes · Modern study notes
“25:21-22 Contrary to expectation, compassion toward an enemy is more effective than anger (see Rom 12:20).”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“Pro 24:17; Exo 23:4, Exo 23:5; Mat 5:44; Luk 10:33-36; Rom 12:20, Rom 12:21 Proverbs 25:22”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification