Proverbs Chapter 1

Old Testament Wisdom/Poetry 33 Verses

What is Proverbs 1 about?

Practical wisdom for daily life, family, work, and worship, all rooted in the fear of the LORD. The complete chapter text below provides the immediate literary context for study.

Text — American Standard Version (1901)

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. For original Hebrew/Greek interlinear text, open in BibleWord.ai.
1The proverbs of Solomon the son of David, king of Israel:
2To know wisdom and instruction; To discern the words of understanding;
3To receive instruction in wise dealing, In righteousness and justice and equity;
4To give prudence to the simple, To the young man knowledge and discretion:
5That the wise man may hear, and increase in learning; And that the man of understanding may attain unto sound counsels:
6To understand a proverb, and a figure, The words of the wise, and their dark sayings.
7The fear of Jehovah is the beginning of knowledge; [But] the foolish despise wisdom and instruction.
8My son, hear the instruction of thy father, And forsake not the law of thy mother:
9For they shall be a chaplet of grace unto thy head, And chains about thy neck.
10My son, if sinners entice thee, Consent thou not.
11If they say, Come with us, Let us lay wait for blood; Let us lurk privily for the innocent without cause;
12Let us swallow them up alive as Sheol, And whole, as those that go down into the pit;
13We shall find all precious substance; We shall fill our houses with spoil;
14Thou shalt cast thy lot among us; We will all have one purse:
15My son, walk not thou in the way with them; Refrain thy foot from their path:
16For their feet run to evil, And they make haste to shed blood.
17For in vain is the net spread In the sight of any bird:
18And these lay wait for their own blood; They lurk privily for their own lives.
19So are the ways of every one that is greedy of gain; It taketh away the life of the owners thereof.
20Wisdom crieth aloud in the street; She uttereth her voice in the broad places;
21She crieth in the chief place of concourse; At the entrance of the gates, In the city, she uttereth her words:
22How long, ye simple ones, will ye love simplicity? And scoffers delight them in scoffing, And fools hate knowledge?
23Turn you at my reproof: Behold, I will pour out my spirit upon you; I will make known my words unto you.
24Because I have called, and ye have refused; I have stretched out my hand, and no man hath regarded;
25But ye have set at nought all my counsel, And would none of my reproof:
26I also will laugh in [the day of] your calamity; I will mock when your fear cometh;
27When your fear cometh as a storm, And your calamity cometh on as a whirlwind; When distress and anguish come upon you.
28Then will they call upon me, but I will not answer; They will seek me diligently, but they shall not find me:
29For that they hated knowledge, And did not choose the fear of Jehovah:
30They would none of my counsel; They despised all my reproof.
31Therefore shall they eat of the fruit of their own way, And be filled with their own devices.
32For the backsliding of the simple shall slay them, And the careless ease of fools shall destroy them.
33But whoso hearkeneth unto me shall dwell securely, And shall be quiet without fear of evil.

What do historical commentaries say about this chapter?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · on verse 1
“The proverbs of Solomon, etc.] Who is said to make three thousand proverbs, (<110432>1 Kings 4:32); but whether any of them are contained in this book cannot be said: however, it is certain that they are not all in it, since, if you except the first “nine” chapters, which are the introduction to the Proverbs, there are but six hundred and fifty-nine verses in it; and if they are taken in, they make but nine hundred and fifteen, which are not a third part of the proverbs said to be made by him: however, here are as many and such as God thought fit should be preserved for instruction in all future ages. It was…”
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Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · on verse 1
“After the title the writer defines the design and nature of the instructions of the book. He paternally invites attention to those instructions and warns his readers against the enticements of the wicked. In a beautiful personification, wisdom is then introduced in a most solemn and impressive manner, publicly inviting men to receive its teachings, warning those who reject, and encouraging those who accept, the proffered instructions. (Pro. 1:1-33)”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · on verse 1
“The long exhortation Proverbs 1–9, characterized by the frequent recurrence of the words “my son,” is of the nature of a preface to the collection of the “Proverbs of Solomon” Proverbs 10:1. On Proverbs 1:1-7, see the introduction to Proverbs. return to 'Top of Page'”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · on verse 2
“To know - Written to help men to know throughly and practically. Both human wisdom to conduct our affairs in this life, and Divine wisdom. Instruction - The instructions delivered either by God, or men, in order to the attainment of wisdom. To perceive - Which teach a man true understanding. Proverbs 1:3”
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Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale House Publishers · Tyndale Open Study Notes · on verse 1
“1:1 Solomon is the foremost authority on Israelite wisdom (see 1 Kgs 3:1-28; 4:32). Many proverbs are ascribed to Solomon, but he did not write all of them (see Prov 22:17; 24:23; 25:1; 30:1; 31:1).”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · on verse 1
“proverbs: Pro 10:1, Pro 25:1; Kg1 4:31, Kg1 4:32; Ecc 12:9; Joh 16:25 Solomon: Sa2 12:24, Sa2 12:25; Kg1 2:12; Ch1 22:9, Ch1 28:5, Ch1 29:28 Proverbs 1:2”
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Keil & Delitzsch
C. F. Keil & F. Delitzsch · Commentary on the Old Testament · on verse 1
“The external title, i.e., the Synagogue name, of the whole collection of Proverbs is משׁלי (Mishle), the word with which it commences. Origen (Euseb. h. e. vi. 25) uses the name Μισλώθ, i.e., משׁלות, which occurs in the Talmud and Midrash as the designation of the book, from its contents. In a similar way, the names given to the Psalter, תּהלּים and תּהלּות, are interchanged. This external title is followed by one which the Book of Proverbs, viewed as to its gradual formation, and first the older portion, gives to itself. It reaches from Pro 1:1 to Pro 1:6, and names not only the contents and the author of the…”
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