Micah 2:13

Old Testament Minor Prophet ASV (1901)

What does Micah 2:13 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “The breaker is gone up before them: they have broken forth and passed on to the gate, and are gone out thereat; and their king is passed on before them, and Jehovah at the head of them.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

The breaker is gone up before them: they have broken forth and passed on to the gate, and are gone out thereat; and their king is passed on before them, and Jehovah at the head of them.
Micah 2:13 — American Standard Version

Context — Micah 2

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
13The breaker is gone up before them: they have broken forth and passed on to the gate, and are gone out thereat; and their king is passed on before them, and Jehovah at the head of them.

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“The breaker up is come up before them, etc.] Not the enemy, either the Assyrian or Chaldean army, or any part thereof, going up before the rest, breaking down the walls of the city, either of Samaria or Jerusalem, so making way for entrance therein; nor Zedekiah, as Joseph Kimchi, who made his escape through the wall broken down; nor the Maccabees, who were instruments of great salvation and deliverance to the Jews after the captivity, and before the coming of Christ. Kimchi makes mention of an exposition, which interprets “the breaker” of Elijah, that was to come before the Messiah; “and their king”, in the latter part of the text, of the branch the son of David; that is, the Messiah; which…”
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Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“The breaker--Jehovah-Messiah, who breaks through every obstacle in the way of their restoration: not as formerly breaking forth to destroy them for transgression (Exo 19:22; Jdg 21:15), but breaking a way for them through their enemies. they--the returning Israelites and Jews. passed through the gate--that is, through the gate of the foe's city in which they had been captives. So the image of the resurrection (Hos 13:14) represents Israel's restoration. their king--"the Breaker," peculiarly "their king" (Hos 3:5; Mat 27:37). pass before them--as He did when they went up out of Egypt (Exo 13:21; Deu 1:30, Deu 1:33). the Lord on the head of them--Jehovah at their head (Isa 52:12). Messiah, the…”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“The Breaker is come up - (gone up) before them; they have broken up (Broken through) and have passed the gate, and have gone forth The image is not of conquest, but of deliverance. They “break through,” not to enter in but to “pass through the gate and go forth.” The wall of the city is ordinarily broken through, in order to make an entrance Psalms 80:13; Psalms 89:41; Isaiah 5:5; Nehemiah 2:13, or to secure to a conqueror the power of entering in Proverbs 25:28; 2 Kings 14:13; 2 Chronicles 25:23; 2 Chronicles 26:6 at any time, or by age and decay 2 Chronicles 32:5. But here the object is expressed, to go forth. Plainly then, they were confined before, as in a prison; and the gate of the…”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“The breaker - To break down all opposition. The gate - The door of escape out of their captivity. No cities so strong, which the Assyrians shall not take and possess, and enter in through the gates. The Lord - Even Jehovah, as he was at the head of Israel, when he brought them out of Egypt. Next: Micah Chapter 3”
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Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale House Publishers · Tyndale Open Study Notes · Modern study notes
“2:13 The Lord did lead Israel out of exile, foreshadowing the even greater freedom from slavery that the Messiah, Jesus Christ, would later bring.”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“breaker: Isa 42:7, Isa 42:13-16, Isa 45:1, Isa 45:2, Isa 49:9, Isa 49:24, Isa 49:25, Isa 51:9, Isa 51:10, Isa 55:4, Isa 59:16-19; Jer 51:20-24; Dan 2:34, Dan 2:35, Dan 2:44; Hos 13:14; Zac 12:8; Co1 15:21-26; Heb 2:14, Heb 2:15 they have: Zac 10:5-7, Zac 10:12, Zac 12:3-8 their: Isa 49:10, Isa 51:12, Isa 52:12; Jer 23:5, Jer 23:6; Eze 34:23, Eze 34:24; Hos 1:11, Hos 3:5; Zac 9:14, Zac 9:15; Joh 10:27-30; Heb 2:9, Heb 2:10, Heb 6:20; Rev 7:17, Rev 17:14; Rev 19:13-17 Next: Micah Chapter 3”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification