Matthew 5:36

New Testament Gospel ASV (1901)

What does Matthew 5:36 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “Neither shalt thou swear by thy head, for thou canst not make one hair white or black.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

Neither shalt thou swear by thy head, for thou canst not make one hair white or black.
Matthew 5:36 — American Standard Version

Context — Matthew 5

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
36Neither shalt thou swear by thy head, for thou canst not make one hair white or black.

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“Neither shalt thou swear by thy head, etc.] This also was a common form of swearing among the Jews: take a few instances. “If anyone is bound to his friend by an oath, and says to him, vow unto me Æçar yyjb, “by the life of thy head”; R. Meir says f334, he may retract it; but the wise men say, he cannot.” Again f335, a certain Rabbi said to Elijah, “I heard “Bath Kol” (or the voice from heaven) mourning like a dove, and saying, woe to my children; for, because of their sins, I have destroyed my house, and have burnt my temple, and have carried them captive among the nations: and he (Elijah) said unto him Æçar yyjw Æyyj, “by thy life, and by the life of thy head”, not this time only it says…”
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Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“Neither shalt thou swear by thy head, because thou canst not make one hair white or black--In the other oaths specified, God's name was profaned quite as really as if His name had been uttered, because it was instantly suggested by the mention of His "throne," His "footstool," His "city." But in swearing by our own head and the like, the objection lies in their being "beyond our control," and therefore profanely assumed to have a stability which they have not.”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“Neither shalt thou swear by thy head - This was a common oath. The Gentiles also used this oath. To swear by the head was the same as to swear by the life; or to say, I will forfeit my life if what I say is not true. God is the Author of the life, and to swear by that, therefore, is the same as to swear by him. Because thou canst not make one hair white or black - You have no control or right over your own life. You cannot even change one single hair. God has all that control; and it is therefore improper and profane to pledge what is God’s gift and God’s property; and it is the same as swearing by God himself. return to 'Top of Page'”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“For thou canst not make one hair white or black - Whereby it appears, that this also is not thine but God's. Matthew 5:37”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“shalt: Mat 23:16-21 because: Mat 6:27; Luk 12:25 Matthew 5:37”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification