Luke 23:34

“Then said Jesus, Father, forgive them, etc.] When he was crucified between the two thieves, and as he hung upon the cross, and while insulted and abused by all sorts of men, and put to the greatest pain and torture, he addressed himself to God his Father: the Arabic version reads, “my Father”, who was so to him, not as he was man; for as such he had no father; but as he was God, being as a divine person, his beloved, and only begotten Son: and this he uses, whilst, as man, he is praying to him; partly to express his faith of relation to him; his confidence of being heard; and partly to set believers an example of praying, as he has directed, saying, “our Father”, etc. and the petition put up…”

“Father, forgive them - This is a fulfillment of the prophecy in Isaiah 53:12; “He made intercession for the transgressors.” The prayer was offered for those who were guilty of putting him to death. It is not quite certain whether he referred to the “Jews” or “to the Roman soldiers.” Perhaps he referred to both. The Romans knew not what they did, as they were really ignorant that he was the Son of God, and as they were merely obeying the command of their rulers. The Jews knew, indeed, that he was “innocent,” and they had evidence, if they would have looked at it, that he was the Messiah; but they did not know what would be the effect of their guilt; they did not know what judgments and…”

“Then said Jesus - Our Lord passed most of the time on the cross in silence: yet seven sentences which he spoke thereon are recorded by the four evangelists, though no one evangelist has recorded them all. Hence it appears that the four Gospels are, as it were, four parts, which, joined together, make one symphony. Sometimes one of these only, sometimes two or three, sometimes all sound together. Father - So he speaks both in the beginning and at the end of his sufferings on the cross: Forgive them - How striking is this passage! While they are actually nailing him to the cross, he seems to feel the injury they did to their own souls more than the wounds they gave him; and as it were to…”

“23:34 by throwing dice (see John 19:23-24): The prisoner’s possessions were treated as spoils of war and divided among the soldiers.”

“Father: Luk 23:47, Luk 23:48, Luk 6:27, Luk 6:28; Gen 50:17; Psa 106:16-23; Mat 5:44; Act 7:60; Rom 12:14; Co1 4:12; Pe1 2:20-23, Pe1 3:9 they know not: Luk 12:47, Luk 12:48; Joh 15:22-24, Joh 19:11; Act 3:17; Co1 2:8; Ti1 1:13 And they: Psa 22:18; Mat 27:35, Mat 27:36; Mar 15:24; Joh 19:23, Joh 19:24 Luke 23:35”