Luke 18:3

New Testament Gospel ASV (1901)

What does Luke 18:3 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “and there was a widow in that city; and she came oft unto him, saying, Avenge me of mine adversary.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

and there was a widow in that city; and she came oft unto him, saying, Avenge me of mine adversary.
Luke 18:3 — American Standard Version

Context — Luke 18

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
3and there was a widow in that city; and she came oft unto him, saying, Avenge me of mine adversary.

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“And there was a widow in that city, etc.] Poor and helpless, and none among men to counsel, direct, and assist her, and take her part: now as in the accommodation of this parable, the elect of God answer to this widow; such an one is rather pitched upon to represent the helpless, desolate, and forlorn condition they are in among men in this world, though they are espoused to one husband, Christ; and especially to signify the state and condition of God's elect among the Jews in those sad times, before the destruction of Jerusalem, this parable has respect unto. Christ is the bridegroom of his church and people; he is their husband, the Lord of hosts is his name; and they are espoused as a…”
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Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“came--kept coming. See Luk 18:5, "her continual coming." Avenge me--that is, rid me of the oppression of.”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“A widow - This is a circumstance that gives increasing interest to the parable. Judges were bound to show special attention to widows, Isaiah 1:17; Jeremiah 22:3. The reason of this was that they were defenseless, were commonly poor, and were liable to be oppressed by those in power. Avenge me - This would have been better translated, “Do me justice against my adversary, or vindicate me from him.” It does not denote vengeance or revenge, but simply that she wished to have “justice” done her - a thing which this judge was “bound” to do, but which it seems he had no disposition to do. Adversary - One opposed in law. In this case it seems that the judge was unwilling to do justice, and probably…”
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Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale House Publishers · Tyndale Open Study Notes · Modern study notes
“18:3 A widow: God is concerned for widows, orphans, and foreigners—the most vulnerable members of ancient society—and has promised judgment against those who oppress them (Exod 22:22; Deut 10:18; 24:17; 27:19; Ps 68:5; Isa 1:23; 10:2; Jer 22:3; Ezek 22:7; Amos 5:10-13; Zech 7:10; Mal 3:5). • Give me justice: The woman was in the right in this dispute—she was not asking for special favors.”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“a widow: Deu 27:19; 2Sam. 14:5-24; Job 22:9, Job 29:13; Isa 1:17, Isa 1:21-23; Jer 5:28 Avenge: Luk 18:7, Luk 18:8; Rom 13:3, Rom 13:4 Luke 18:4”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification