BibleWord.ai› Bible› Joshua› Chapter 12› Verse 9

Joshua 12:9

Old Testament Historical ASV (1901)

What does Joshua 12:9 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “the king of Jericho, one; the king of Ai, which is beside Bethel, one;” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

the king of Jericho, one; the king of Ai, which is beside Bethel, one;
Joshua 12:9 — American Standard Version

Context — Joshua 12

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
6Moses the servant of Jehovah and the children of Israel smote them: and Moses the servant of Jehovah gave it for a possession unto the Reubenites, and the Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh.
7And these are the kings of the land whom Joshua and the children of Israel smote beyond the Jordan westward, from Baal-gad in the valley of Lebanon even unto mount Halak, that goeth up to Seir; and Joshua gave it unto the tribes of Israel for a possession according to their divisions;
8in the hill-country, and in the lowland, and in the Arabah, and in the slopes, and in the wilderness, and in the South; the Hittite, the Amorite, and the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite:
9the king of Jericho, one; the king of Ai, which is beside Bethel, one;
10the king of Jerusalem, one; the king of Hebron, one;
11the king of Jarmuth, one; the king of Lachish, one;
12the king of Eglon, one; the king of Gezer, one;
← Joshua 12:8Joshua 12:10 →
← Full Chapter 12 Joshua Overview

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“The king of Jericho, one, etc.] Who was first taken, and so named first, (<060621>Joshua 6:21); the king of Ai, which [is] beside Bethel, one; who was next taken and though Bethel was so near Ai, it had a king of its own, after mentioned, (see <060701>Joshua 7:1-8:29).”
Read attributed excerpt →
Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“The names of the kings are given in the order of their actual encounter with Joshua. Those enumerated in Joshua 12:10-18 either belonged to the league of the southern Canaanites (Joshua 10:1 ff), the power of which was broken in the battle of Beth-horon, or were at any rate conquered in the campaign following that battle. Those mentioned in Joshua 12:19-24 were in like manner connected with the northern confederates (Joshua 11:1 ff), who were defeated at the Waters of Merom. Joshua 12:13-20 The identification of several of these places is still uncertain: the same name (e. g. Aphek, Joshua 12:18) being applied to various places in various parts of Palestine. Geder, or Gedor Joshua 15:58, a…”
Read attributed excerpt →
Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“Jericho: Josh. 6:2-21 Ai: Jos 8:1, Jos 8:17, Jos 8:29-35 Joshua 12:10”
Read attributed excerpt →
Keil & Delitzsch
C. F. Keil & F. Delitzsch · Commentary on the Old Testament · 19th-century historical commentary
“The different kings are given in the order in which they were defeated: Jericho ( Jos 6:1); Ai ( Jos 7:2); Jerusalem, Hebron, Jarmuth, Lachish, and Eglon ( Jos 10:3); Gezer ( Jos 10:33); and Debir ( Jos 10:38). Those given in Jos 12:13 and Jos 12:14 are not mentioned by name in Josh 10. Geder, possibly the same as Gedor upon the mountains of Judah ( Jos 15:58), which has been preserved under the old name of Jedur (Rob. Pal. ii. p. 186, and Bibl. Res. p. 282). Hormah (i.e., banning) was in the south of Judah ( Jos 15:30), and was allotted to the Simeonites ( Jos 19:4). It was called Zephath by the Canaanites ( Jdg 1:17; see at Num 21:3), was on the southern slope of the mountains of the…”
Read attributed excerpt →

Related study paths

Read Joshua 12 in contextBrowse Hebrew word studiesOpen this verse in the study reader

Sources and verification