Joshua 12:7

“And these [are] the kings of the country, etc.] After particularly named, (<061209>Joshua 12:9-24): which Joshua and the children of Israel smote on this side Jordan on the west; that is, on the west of Jordan: from Baalgad, in the valley of Lebanon, even unto the mount Halak, that goeth up to Seir; of which (see <061117>Joshua 11:17); which Joshua gave unto the tribes of Israel [for] a possession, according to their divisions; as after related in this book.”

“THE ONE AND THIRTY KINGS ON THE WEST SIDE OF JORDAN, WHICH JOSHUA SMOTE. (Jos. 12:7-24) Baal-gad . . . even unto . . . Halak--(See on Jos 11:17). A list of thirty-one chief towns is here given; and, as the whole land contained a superficial extent of only fifteen miles in length by fifty in breadth, it is evident that these capital cities belonged to petty and insignificant kingdoms. With a few exceptions, they were not the scenes of any important events recorded in the sacred history, and therefore do not require a particular notice. Next: Joshua Chapter 13”

“The names of the kings are given in the order of their actual encounter with Joshua. Those enumerated in Joshua 12:10-18 either belonged to the league of the southern Canaanites (Joshua 10:1 ff), the power of which was broken in the battle of Beth-horon, or were at any rate conquered in the campaign following that battle. Those mentioned in Joshua 12:19-24 were in like manner connected with the northern confederates (Joshua 11:1 ff), who were defeated at the Waters of Merom. Joshua 12:13-20 The identification of several of these places is still uncertain: the same name (e. g. Aphek, Joshua 12:18) being applied to various places in various parts of Palestine. Geder, or Gedor Joshua 15:58, a…”

“12:7-24 Joshua and the Israelite armies faithfully carried out the tasks God gave them. This summary showcases their successes, providing proper recognition for their faithfulness. God gave the Israelites their promised inheritance while bringing about the long-delayed judgment of the Canaanites. This roster of defeated kings, identified by their city-states, provides evidence of God’s accomplished purposes. A solemn yet joyful recital for Israel, the list symbolizes God’s mighty acts for his people and exalts his own great name. 12:7 Baal-gad was at the western foot of Mount Hermon, the northern limit of Joshua’s conquests west of the Jordan. • The valley of Lebanon divided the coastal…”

“on this side: Jos 12:1, Jos 3:17, Jos 9:1 Baalgad: Jos 11:17, Jos 13:5 Seir: Gen 14:6, Gen 32:3, Gen 36:8, Gen 36:20, Gen 36:30; Deu 2:1, Deu 2:4 Joshua gave: Jos 1:3, Jos 1:4, Jos 11:23, 13:1-19:51; Deu 11:23, Deu 11:24 Joshua 12:8”

“List of the thirty-one kings of Canaan whom Joshua smote on the western side of the Jordan, "from Baal-gad, in the valley of Lebanon, to the bald mountain that goeth up towards Seir" (see Jos 11:17). This land Joshua gave to the other tribes of Israel. (On the different parts of the land, see at Jos 9:1; Jos 10:40, and Jos 11:2.) Joshua 12:9”