Jonah 4:8

“And it came to pass when the sun did arise, etc.] After that the gourd was smitten and withered; when it was not only risen, but shone out with great force and heat: that God prepared a vehement east wind; or, “a deafening east wind”f92; which blew so strong, and so loud, as R. Marinus in Aben Ezra and Kimchi say, made people deaf that heard it: or, “a silencing east wind”; which when it blew, all other winds were silent, as Jarchi: or it made men silent, not being to be heard for it: or, “a silent”f93, that is, a still quiet wind, as the Targum; which blew so gently and slowly, that it increased the heat, instead of lessening it: or rather “a ploughing east wind”f94; such as are frequentf95…”

“vehement--rather, "scorching"; the Margin, "silent," expressing sultry stillness, not vehemence.”

“God prepared a vehement - o (The English margin following the Chaldee, “silent,” i. e., “sultry”). East wind - The winds in the East, blowing over the sand-deserts, intensely increase the distress of the heat. A sojourner describes on two occasions an Assyrian summer . “The change to summer had been as rapid as that which ushered in the spring. The verdure of the plain had perished almost in a day. Hot winds, coming from the desert, had burned up and carried away the shrubs. The heat was now almost intolerable. Violent whirl-winds occasionally swept over the face of the country.” “The spring was now fast passing away; the heat became daily greater; the grain was cut; and the plains and hills…”

“A east wind - A dry, scorching, blasting wind. Fainted - Overcome by the heat. Better to die - But Jonah must be wiser, and humbler, and more merciful too, e'er he die. Before God hath done with him, he will teach him to value his own life more, and to be more tender of the life of others. Jonah 4:9”

“that God: Jon 4:6, Jon 4:7, Jon 1:4, Jon 1:17; Eze 19:12; Rev 3:19 vehement: or, silent and the sun: Psa 121:6; Sol 1:6; Isa 49:10; Rev 7:16 and wished: Jon 4:3; Lev 10:3; Sa1 3:18; Sa2 15:25, Sa2 15:26; Job 2:10; Psa 39:9 Jonah 4:9”

“On the rising of the dawn of the very next day, God appointed a worm, which punctured the miraculous tree so that it withered away; and when the sun arose He also appointed a sultry east wind, and the sun smote upon Jonah's head, so that he fainted away. Chărı̄shıth, from chârash, to be silent or quiet, is to be taken when used of the wind in the sense of sultry, as in the Chaldee (lxx συγκαίων). The meaning ventus, qualis flat tempore arandi, derived from chârish, the ploughing (Abulw.), or autumnal east wind (Hitzig), is far less suitable. When Jonah fainted away in consequence of the sun-stroke (for hith‛allēph, see at Amo 8:13), he wished himself dead, since death was better for him…”