Job 36:31

“For by them judgeth he the people, etc.] That is, by the clouds; which the Lord uses both in a way of judgment, as expressed in this clause; and in a way of mercy, as in the following; by these, and what issue out of them, as rain, hail, winds, thunder, and lightning, he sometimes punishes the inhabitants of the earth, as he did the old world by a deluge of water, which came partly from the fountains of the great deep, and partly from the windows of heaven, which destroyed man and beast, and the increase of the earth, (<010711>Genesis 7:11,23); he punished the Egyptians by a violent storm of hail, (<020923>Exodus 9:23); and slew many of the Canaanites with hailstones, (<061011>Joshua 10:11);…”

“These (rain and lightnings) are marvellous and not to be understood (Job 36:29), yet necessary. "For by them He judgeth (chastiseth on the one hand), &c. (and on the other, by them) He giveth meat" (food), &c. (Job 37:13; Job 38:23, Job 38:27; Act 14:17).”

“For by them judgeth he the people - By means of the clouds, the rain, the dew, the tempest, and the thunderbolt. The idea seems to be, that he makes use of all these to execute his purposes on mankind. He can either make them the means of imparting blessings, or of inflicting the severest, judgments. He can cause the tornado to sweep over the earth; he can arm the forked lightning against the works of art; he can withhold rain and dew, and spread over a land the miseries of famine. He giveth meat in abundance - That is, by the clouds, the dew, the rain. The idea is, that he can send timely showers if he chooses, and the earth will be clothed with plenty. All these things are under his…”

“Judgeth - By thunder and lightning, and rain from the clouds, he executes his judgments against ungodly people. Meat - Giveth meat. By the same clouds, he provides plentiful showers dropping fatness on the earth. Job 36:32”

“36:31 The Hebrew yadin can mean he governs or he nourishes, which parallels food in abundance (38:26; Pss 65:9-13; 104:13-15, 27-28). The more common meaning for yadin is “judge,” which would mean that God does all things to bless his people and judge his enemies (Job 37:11-13; 38:22-23; see Gen 6:17; 19:24; Exod 9:23-25; Josh 10:11-14; 1 Sam 12:18).”

“by: Job 37:13, Job 38:22, Job 38:23; Gen 6:17, Gen 7:17-24, Gen 19:24; Exo 9:23-25; Deu 8:2, Deu 8:15; Jos 10:11; Sa1 2:10, Sa1 7:10, Sa1 12:18 he giveth: Job 38:26, Job 38:27; Psa 65:9-13, Psa 104:13-15, Psa 104:27, Psa 104:28, Psa 136:25; Act 14:17 Job 36:32”