Job 31:23

Old Testament Wisdom/Poetry ASV (1901)

What does Job 31:23 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “For calamity from God is a terror to me, And by reason of his majesty I can do nothing.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

For calamity from God is a terror to me, And by reason of his majesty I can do nothing.
Job 31:23 — American Standard Version

Context — Job 31

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
23For calamity from God is a terror to me, And by reason of his majesty I can do nothing.

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“For destruction [from] God [was] a terror to me, etc.] Though he feared not men, they being at his beck and command, ready to do any thing for him he should order, yet he feared God; and the dread of his resentment, and of destruction from him the lawgiver, who is able to save and to destroy, had such an influence on him as to deter and keep him from all unkindness to the poor, and in justice to the fatherless; he dreaded the destruction of himself, his family, and substance in this world, and everlasting destruction of soul and body in the world to come; which of all things is to be feared, (<401028>Matthew 10:28); and Old Testament saints were much under a spirit of bondage to fear, and…”
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Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“For--that is, the reason why Job guarded against such sins. Fear of God, though he could escape man's judgment (Gen 39:9). UMBREIT more spiritedly translates, Yea, destruction and terror from God might have befallen me (had I done so): mere fear not being the motive. highness--majestic might. endure--I could have availed nothing against it.”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“For destruction from God was a terror to me - The destruction which God would bring upon one who was guilty of the crime here specified, awed and restrained me. He was deterred from this crime of oppressing the fatherless by the fear of God. He could have escaped the judgment of people. He had power and influence enough not to dread the penalty of human law. He could have done it in such a way as not to have been arraigned before any earthly tribunal, but he remembered that the eye of God was upon him, and that he was the avenger of the fatherless and the widow. And by reason of his highness - On account of his majesty, exaltation, glory. I could not endure - אוכל לא lo''ûkôl - I could…”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“For - I stood in awe of God and of his judgments. I could not - I knew myself unable either to oppose his power, or to bear his wrath. Even good men have need to restrain themselves from sin, with the fear of Destruction from God. Even when salvation from God is a comfort to us, yet destruction from God should be a terror to us. Adam in innocency was awed by a threatning. Job 31:26”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“destruction: Job 20:23, Job 21:20; Gen 39:9; Psa 119:120; Isa 13:6; Joe 1:15; Co2 5:11 by: Job 13:11, Job 40:9, Job 42:5, Job 42:6; Psa 76:7 Job 31:24”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification