Job 3:11

Old Testament Wisdom/Poetry ASV (1901)

What does Job 3:11 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “Why died I not from the womb? Why did I not give up the ghost when my mother bare me?” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

Why died I not from the womb? Why did I not give up the ghost when my mother bare me?
Job 3:11 — American Standard Version

Context — Job 3

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
11Why died I not from the womb? Why did I not give up the ghost when my mother bare me?

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“Why died I not from the womb? etc.] That is, as soon as he came out of it; or rather, as soon as he was in it, or from the time that he was in it; or however, while he was in it, that so he might not have come alive out of it; which sense seems best to agree both with what goes before and follows after; for since his conception in the womb was not hindered, he wishes he had died in it; and so some versions render it to this sense f112: [why] did I [not] give up the ghost when I came out of the belly? since he died not in the womb, which was desirable to him, he wishes that the moment he came out of it he had expired, and is displeased because it was not so, (see <242017>Jeremiah 20:17…”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“Why died I not from the womb? - Why did I not die as soon as I was born? Why were any pains taken to keep me alive? The suggestion of this question leads Job in the following verses into the beautiful description, of what he would have been if he had then died. He complains, therefore, that any pains were taken by his friends to keep him alive, and that he was not suffered peacefully to expire. Gave up the ghost - A phrase that is often used in the English version of the Bible to denote death; Genesis 49:33; Job 11:20; Job 14:10; Jeremiah 15:9; Matthew 27:50; Acts 5:10. It conveys an idea, however, which is not necessarily in the original, though the idea in itself is not incorrect. The idea…”
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Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale House Publishers · Tyndale Open Study Notes · Modern study notes
“3:11-24 Job’s language turns from curse to lamentation. Job alternates between repugnance for life and a romance with death. Seven times, Job laments his situation by asking why (3:11, 12, 16, 20, 23; see Pss 10:1; 22:1; Jer 20:18; Lam 5:20).”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“died I: Psa 58:8; Jer 15:10; Hos 9:14 when I came: Psa 22:9, Psa 22:10, Psa 71:6, Psa 139:13-16; Isa 46:3 Job 3:12”
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Sources and verification