Jeremiah 34:8

“[This is] the word that came to Jeremiah from the Lord, etc.] Here begins a new prophecy, which was delivered some time after the former; that was given out while the king of Babylon was besieging Jerusalem; this after he had quitted the siege for a while, and was gone to meet the king of Egypt, who was coming to the relief of the city, as appears from (<243421>Jeremiah 34:21,22); though the Jewsf660 say this was delivered in the seventh year of Zedekiah, in the first month, and tenth day of the month; at the same time that the elders of Israel came to Ezekiel, to inquire of the Lord by him, (<262001>Ezekiel 20:1); which was two years before the king of Babylon came against Jerusalem; but…”

“By the law a Hebrew, after having been a bond-servant for six years, on the seventh was to be let go free (Exo 21:22; Deu 15:12). Zedekiah made a covenant--with solemn ceremonial in the temple (Jer 34:15, Jer 34:18-19). them--bond-servants (Jer 34:9).”

“It is usual with commentators to say that, the laws dealing with the emancipation of the Hebrew slaves, as also that of the land resting during the sabbatical year, were not observed. The narrative teaches us the exact contrary. The manumission of the slaves on the present occasion was the spontaneous act of Zedekiah and the people. They knew of the law, and acknowledged its obligation. The observance of it was, no doubt, lax: the majority let their own selfish interests prevail; but the minority made might give way to right, and Zedekiah supported their efforts though only in a weak way. Early in January, in the ninth year of Zedekiah, the Chaldaean army approached Jerusalem. The people…”

“34:8–35:19 Here are faithless (34:8-22) and faithful (35:1-19) examples of covenant-keeping. 34:8-22 Zedekiah ordered the people to free their slaves; he was apparently trying to curry favor with God by enforcing the covenant requirements regarding the Hebrew ownership of slaves (Exod 21:2-4) that had been neglected since Moses’ time. However, the order was worse than useless because the people soon went back on this new affirmation of the covenant, just as they had broken their treaty with Nebuchadnezzar (see Ezek 21:23-24) and their original covenant with the Lord. The Lord would punish them as their treachery deserved.”

“had: Kg2 11:17, Kg2 23:2, Kg2 23:3; Ch2 15:12-15, Ch2 23:16, Ch2 29:10, Ch2 34:30-33; Neh 9:38; Neh. 10:1-27 to proclaim: Jer 34:14, Jer 34:17; Exo 21:2-4, Exo 23:10, Exo 23:11; Lev 25:10, Lev 25:39-46; Deu 15:12; Neh 5:1-13; Isa 61:1 Jeremiah 34:9”

“Threatening because of the Re-enslavement of the Liberated Hebrew Men-and Maid-servants. - Jer 34:8-11 describe the occasion of the word of the Lord, which follows in Jer 34:12-22. It came to Jeremiah "after King Zedekiah had made a covenant with all the people in Jerusalem, to proclaim liberty to them, that every one should send away his man-servant, or his maid-servant, being a Hebrew or Hebrewess, so that none should impose servitude on any one of them who was a Jew, his brother. Jer 34:10. And all the princes and all the people who entered into the covenant obeyed, each one setting free his man-servant and his maid-servant, and not imposing servitude on them any more: they obeyed and…”