Isaiah 31:3

Old Testament Major Prophet ASV (1901)

What does Isaiah 31:3 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “Now the Egyptians are men, and not God; and their horses flesh, and not spirit: and when Jehovah shall stretch out his hand, both he that helpeth shall stumble, and he that is helped shall fall, and they all shall be consumed together.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

Now the Egyptians are men, and not God; and their horses flesh, and not spirit: and when Jehovah shall stretch out his hand, both he that helpeth shall stumble, and he that is helped shall fall, and they all shall be consumed together.
Isaiah 31:3 — American Standard Version

Context — Isaiah 31

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
3Now the Egyptians are men, and not God; and their horses flesh, and not spirit: and when Jehovah shall stretch out his hand, both he that helpeth shall stumble, and he that is helped shall fall, and they all shall be consumed together.

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“Now the Egyptians [are] men, and not God, &c.] Be it that they are mighty, they are not mighty, as God is; and indeed they are but frail, feeble, mortal, and mutable men, and therefore not to be trusted in, and depended on; or to be put upon an equality with God, and even to be preferred to him, as they were by the Jews; and of what use and service could they be unto them, seeing God was against them? and their horses flesh, and not spirit; only flesh, without an immortal soul or spirit, which man has; and therefore a foolish thing in man to trust in them, who must be entirely guided and directed by them; and much less angelic spirits, or like them, which are incorporeal, invisible, and…”
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Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“not spirit--not of divine power (Psa 56:4; Psa 146:3, Psa 146:5; Zac 4:6). he that helpeth--Egypt. holpen--Judah.”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“Now the Egyptians are men - They are nothing but people; they have no power but such as other people possess. The idea here is, that the case in reference to which they sought aid was one in which “divine” help was indispensable, and that, therefore, they relied on the aid of the Egyptians in vain. And their horses flesh, and not spirit - There is need, not merely of “physical” strength, but of wisdom, and intelligence, and it is in vain to look for that in mere brutes. Both he that helpeth - Egypt, whose aid is sought. And he that is holpen - Judah, that had sought the aid of Egypt. Neither of them would be able to stand against the wrath of God. return to 'Top of Page'”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“Flesh - Weak and frail. Isaiah 31:4”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“the Egyptians: Isa 36:6; Deu 32:30, Deu 32:31; Psa 9:20, Psa 146:3-5; Eze 28:9; Act 12:22, Act 12:23; Th2 2:4-8 their horses: Psa 33:17 stretch: Isa 9:17; Jer 15:6; Eze 20:33, Eze 20:34 both: Jer 37:7-10 Isaiah 31:4”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification