Genesis 1:14

“And God said, let there be lights in the firmament of the heaven, etc.] In the upper part of it, commonly called the starry heaven: some writers, both Jewish and Christian, and even modern astronomers, understand this only of the appearance of them, and not of the formation of them; they suppose they were made on the first day, but did not appear or shine out so clearly and visibly as now on the fourth day: but it seems rather, that the body of fire and light produced on the first day was now distributed and formed into several luminous bodies of sun, moon, and stars, for these were tram, “from light”; lights produced from that light, or made out of it; or were instruments of communicating…”

“FOURTH DAY. (Gen 1:14-19) let there be lights in the firmament--The atmosphere being completely purified, the sun, moon, and stars were for the first time unveiled in all their glory in the cloudless sky; and they are described as "in the firmament" which to the eye they appear to be, though we know they are really at vast distances from it.”

“- VI. The Fourth Day 14. מאור mā'ôr, “a light, a luminary, a center of radiant light.” מועה mô‛ēd, “set time, season.” Words beginning with a formative מ musually signify that in which the simple quality resides or is realized. Hence, they often denote place. 17. נתן nāthan “give, hold out, show, stretch, hold out.” Latin: tendo, teneo; τείνω teinō. The darkness has been removed from the face of the deep, its waters have been distributed in due proportions above and below the expanse; the lower waters have retired and given place to the emerging land, and the wasteness of the land thus exposed to view has begun to be adorned with the living forms of a new vegetation. It only remains…”

“This is the history of the fourth day's work, the creating the sun, moon and stars. Of this we have an account, In general, verse 14, 15. where we have, The command given concerning them. Let there be lights in the firmament of heaven - God had said, Gen 1:3 Let there be light, and there was light; but that was, as it were, a chaos of light, scattered and confused; now it was collected and made into several luminaries, and so rendered both more glorious and more serviceable. The use they were intended to be of to this earth. They must be for the distinction of times, of day and night, summer and winter. They must be for the direction of actions: they are for signs of the change of weather,…”

“1:14-31 On days 4–6, God filled the domains that had been formed during days 1–3 (1:3-13). 1:14 Let them . . . mark the seasons, days, and years: The movement of the heavenly bodies defined Israel’s liturgical calendar, whose roots in creation gave a sacred timing to Israel’s festivals and celebrations (see Exod 23:15; Lev 23:4).”

“Let there: Deu 4:19; Job 25:3, Job 25:5, Job 38:12-14; Psa 8:3, Psa 8:4, Psa 19:1-6, Psa 74:16, Psa 74:17, Psa 104:19, Psa 104:20; Psa 119:91, Psa 136:7-9, Psa 148:3, Psa 148:6; Isa 40:26; Jer 31:35, Jer 33:20, Jer 33:25 lights: Or, rather, luminaries or light-bearers; being a different world from that rendered light, in Gen 1:3 the day from the night: between the day and between the night and let: Gen 8:22, Gen 9:13; Job 3:9, Job 38:31, Job 38:32; Psa 81:3; Eze 32:7, Eze 32:8, Eze 46:1, Eze 46:6; Joe 2:10, Joe 2:30, Joe 2:31, Joe 3:15; Amo 5:8, Amo 8:9; Mat 2:2, Mat 16:2, Mat 16:3, Mat 24:29; Mar 13:24; Luk 21:25, Luk 21:26, Luk 23:45; Act 2:19, Act 2:20; Rev 6:12, Rev 8:12, Rev 9:2 Genesis…”

“The Fourth Day. - After the earth had been clothed with vegetation, and fitted to be the abode of living beings, there were created on the fourth day the sun, moon, and stars, heavenly bodies in which the elementary light was concentrated, in order that its influence upon the earthly globe might be sufficiently modified and regulated for living beings to exist and thrive beneath its rays, in the water, in the air, and upon the dry land. At the creative word of God the bodies of light came into existence in the firmament, as lamps. On , the singular of the predicate before the plural of the subject, in Gen 1:14; Gen 5:23; Gen 9:29, etc., vid., Gesenius, Heb. Gr. 147. , bodies of light,…”