Exodus 31:15

“Six days may work be done; etc.] Allowed to be done by an Israelite, if he would; for this is not a command to work, but a permission or grant to do it; and therefore, seeing they had so many days granted them for their use, it could not be thought hard and unreasonable that God should claim one day in seven for his own use and service, and oblige them to refrain from work on it: but in the seventh [is] the sabbath of rest; from worldly labour, and was typical of spiritual rest here, and eternal rest hereafter: holy to the Lord; separated from other days, and entirely devoted to the worship and service of God, and to be kept holy to the Lord in all holy and religious exercises, as hearing…”

“The penal law of the Sabbath. Exodus 35:2-3. In the fourth commandment the injunction to observe the seventh day is addressed to the conscience of the people (see Exodus 20:8 note): in this place, the object is to declare an infraction of the commandment to be a capital offence. The two passages stand in a relation to each other similar to that between Leviticus 18:0, Leviticus 19:0, and Leviticus 20:0. It seems likely that the penal edict was especially introduced as a caution in reference to the construction of the tabernacle, lest the people, in their zeal to carry on the work, should be tempted to break the divine law for the observance of the day. Exodus 31:14 See Numbers 15:32-36. The…”

“It is the sabbath of rest, holy to the Lord - It is separated from common use, for the service of God; and by the observance of it we are taught to rest from worldly pursuits, and devote ourselves, and all we are, have, and can do, to God's glory. Exodus 31:16”

“Six days: Exo 31:17, Exo 16:26, Exo 20:9, Exo 34:21; Lev 23:3; Eze 46:1; Luk 13:14 the sabbath: Exo 16:23, Exo 20:10; Gen 2:2; Lev 23:3, Lev 23:32; Luk 23:56; Heb 4:9 \*Gr. holy: Heb. holiness whosoever: Num 15:32-36; Jer 17:24-27 Exodus 31:16”