Exodus 23:2

Old Testament Law (Torah) ASV (1901)

What does Exodus 23:2 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “Thou shalt not follow a multitude to do evil; neither shalt thou speak in a cause to turn aside after a multitude to wrest [justice]:” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

Thou shalt not follow a multitude to do evil; neither shalt thou speak in a cause to turn aside after a multitude to wrest [justice]:
Exodus 23:2 — American Standard Version

Context — Exodus 23

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
2Thou shalt not follow a multitude to do evil; neither shalt thou speak in a cause to turn aside after a multitude to wrest [justice]:

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“Thou shalt not follow a multitude to do evil, etc.] The Targums of Jerusalem and Jonathan add, but to do good. As in private life, the examples of the many, who are generally the most wicked, are not to be followed, though they too often are; examples, and especially of the multitude, having great influence, and therefore to be guarded against; so in public courts of judicature, where there are many judges upon the bench, if one of them is sensible that the greater part go wrong in their judgment of a case, he ought not to follow them, or be influenced by them, but go according to the dictates of his own conscience, and the evidence of things as they appear to him, and neither agree to…”
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Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“decline--depart, deviate from the straight path of rectitude.”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“These four commands, addressed to the conscience, are illustrations of the ninth commandment, mainly in reference to the giving of evidence in legal causes. Compare 1 Kings 21:10; Acts 6:11. Exodus 23:2 This verse might be more strictly rendered, “Thou shalt not follow the many to evil; neither shalt thou bear witness in a cause so as to incline after the many to pervert justice.” Exodus 23:3 Countenance - Rather, show partiality to a man’s cause because he is poor (compare Leviticus 19:15). These four commands, addressed to the conscience, are illustrations of the ninth commandment, mainly in reference to the giving of evidence in legal causes. Compare 1 Kings 21:10; Acts 6:11. return to…”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“Thou shalt not follow a multitude to do evil - General usage will never excuse us in any ill practice; nor is the broad way ever the safer for its being crowded. We must inquire what we ought to do, not what the most do; because we must be judged by our master, not our fellow servants; and it is too great a compliment, to be willing to go to hell for company. Exodus 23:7”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“follow: Exo 32:1-5; Gen 6:12, Gen 7:1, Gen 19:4, Gen 19:7-9; Num 14:1-10; Jos 24:15; Sa1 15:9; Kg1 19:10; Job 31:34; Pro 1:10, Pro 1:11, Pro 1:15, Pro 4:14; Mat 27:24-26; Mar 15:15; Luk 23:23, Luk 23:24, Luk 23:51; Joh 7:50, Joh 7:51; Act 24:27, Act 25:9; Rom 1:32; Gal 2:11-13 speak: or, answer to decline: Exo 23:6, Exo 23:7; Lev 19:15; Deu 1:17; Psa 72:2; Jer 37:15, Jer 37:21, Jer 38:5, Jer 38:6, Jer 38:9; Eze 9:9; Hag 1:4 Exodus 23:3”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification