Esther 9:14

Old Testament Historical ASV (1901)

What does Esther 9:14 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “And the king commanded it so to be done: and a decree was given out in Shushan; and they hanged Haman`s ten sons.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

And the king commanded it so to be done: and a decree was given out in Shushan; and they hanged Haman`s ten sons.
Esther 9:14 — American Standard Version

Context — Esther 9

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
14And the king commanded it so to be done: and a decree was given out in Shushan; and they hanged Haman`s ten sons.

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“And the king commanded it so to be done: and the decree was given at Shushan, etc.] That the Jews might have leave to seek out and slay the rest of their enemies in Shushan, on the fourteenth day, in like manner as they had on the thirteenth: and they hanged Haman’s ten sons; on the same gallows very probably their father was hanged; the Targum gives us the distance between each person hanged thereon.”
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Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale House Publishers · Tyndale Open Study Notes · Modern study notes
“9:14 So the king agreed, and the decree was announced in Susa: It was not in the king’s interest for there to be warring parties within the palace plotting to kill one another.”
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Keil & Delitzsch
C. F. Keil & F. Delitzsch · Commentary on the Old Testament · 19th-century historical commentary
“The king commanded it so to be done. "Then was a decree given at Susa, and they hanged the ten sons of Haman." The decree given in Susa does not refer to the hanging of the sons of Haman, but to the permission given to the Jews to fight against their enemies on the morrow also. This is required not only by a comparison of Est 8:13, but also by the connection of the present verse; for in consequence of this decree the Jews assembled on the 14th Adar (comp. ויּקּהלוּ, then they assembled themselves, Est 9:15), while the hanging of the sons of Haman, on the contrary, is related in an accessory clause by a simple perfect, תּלוּ. Esther 9:15”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification