Ecclesiastes 12:7

Old Testament Wisdom/Poetry ASV (1901)

What does Ecclesiastes 12:7 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “and the dust returneth to the earth as it was, and the spirit returneth unto God who gave it.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

and the dust returneth to the earth as it was, and the spirit returneth unto God who gave it.
Ecclesiastes 12:7 — American Standard Version

Context — Ecclesiastes 12

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
7and the dust returneth to the earth as it was, and the spirit returneth unto God who gave it.

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“Then shall the dust return to the earth as it was, etc.] The body, which is made of dust, and is no other in its present state than dust refined and enlivened; and when the above things take place, mentioned in (<211206>Ecclesiastes 12:6), or at death, it returns to its original earth; it becomes immediately a clod of earth, a lifeless lump of clay, and is then buried in the earth, where it rots, corrupts, and turns into it; which shows the frailty of man, and may serve to humble his pride, as well as proves that death is not an annihilation even of the body; see (<010319>Genesis 3:19 <180121>Job 1:21); and the spirit shall return unto God who gave it; from whom it is, by whom it is created,…”
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Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“dust--the dust-formed body. spirit--surviving the body; implying its immortality (Ecc 3:11).”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“The spirit - i. e., The spirit separated unto God from the body at death. No more is said here of its future destiny. To return to God, who is the fountain Psalms 36:9 of Life, certainly means to continue to live. The doctrine of life after death is implied here as in Exodus 3:6 (compare Mark 12:26), Psalms 17:15 (see the note), and in many other passages of Scripture earlier than the age of Solomon. The inference that the soul loses its personality and is absorbed into something else has no warrant in this or any other statement in this book, and would be inconsistent with the announcement of a judgment after death Ecclesiastes 12:14. return to 'Top of Page'”
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Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale House Publishers · Tyndale Open Study Notes · Modern study notes
“12:7 the dust will return to the earth: See Gen 2:7; 3:19. • That the spirit will return to God who gave it hints at belief in an afterlife (cp. Eccl 3:21; see “The Afterlife” Theme Note).”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“dust: Ecc 3:20; Gen 3:19, Gen 18:27; Job 4:19, Job 4:20, Job 7:21, Job 20:11, Job 34:14, Job 34:15; Psa 90:3; Psa 146:4; Dan 12:2 the spirit: Ecc 3:21 God: Gen 2:7; Num 16:22, Num 27:16; Isa 57:16; Jer 38:16; Zac 12:1; Heb 12:9, Heb 12:23 Ecclesiastes 12:8”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification