2 Peter 1:4

“Whereby are given unto us, etc.] Or “by which”, that is, glory and virtue; by the glorious power of Christ, or by the glorious and powerful Gospel of Christ; and so the Arabic version renders it, “by both of which”; or “by whom”, as the Vulgate Latin version reads; that is, by Christ; for as in him are all the promises of God, so they are at his dispose, and by him are given unto the saints: exceeding great and precious promises; meaning the promises of the new and everlasting covenant, of which Christ is the Mediator, surety, and messenger; and which are “exceeding great”, if we consider the author of them, who is the great God of heaven and earth, and who was under no obligation to make…”

“Whereby, &c.--By His glory and virtue: His glory making the "promises" to be exceeding great; His virtue making them "precious" [BENGEL]. Precious promises are the object of precious faith. given--The promises themselves are a gift: for God's promises are as sure as if they were fulfilled. by these--promises. They are the object of faith, and even now have a sanctifying effect on the believer, assimilating him to God. Still more so, when they shall be fulfilled. might, &c.--Greek, "that ye MAY become partakers of the divine nature," even now in part; hereafter perfectly; Jo1 3:2, "We shall be like Him." the divine nature--not God's essence, but His holiness, including His "glory" and…”

“Whereby - Δἰ ὧν Di' hōn. “Through which” - in the plural number, referring either to the “glory” and “virtue” in the previous verse, and meaning that it was by that glorious divine efficiency that these promises were given; or, to all the things mentioned in the previous verse, meaning that it was through those arrangements, and in order to their completion, that these great and glorious promises were made. The promises given are in connection with the plan of securing “life and godliness,” and are a part of the gracious arrangements for that object. Exceeding great and precious promises - A “promise” is an assurance on the part of another of some good for which we are dependent on him.…”

“Through which - Glory and fortitude. He hath given us exceeding great, and inconceivably precious promises - Both the promises and the things promised, which follow in their due season, that, sustained and encouraged by the promises, we may obtain all that he has promised. That, having escaped the manifold corruption which is in the world - From that fruitful fountain, evil desire. Ye may become partakers of the divine nature - Being renewed in the image of God, and having communion with them, so as to dwell in God and God in you. 2 Peter 1:5”

“1:4 enable you to share his divine nature: Peter probably did not mean that our souls are merged with God but that believers share God’s qualities (cp. Lev 11:44; Matt 5:43-48; Eph 4:24; 5:1).”

“are given: Pe2 1:1; Eze 36:25-27; Rom 9:4; Co2 1:20, Co2 6:17, Co2 6:18, Co2 7:1; Gal 3:16; Heb 8:6-12, Heb 9:15; Jo1 2:25 ye might: Joh 1:12, Joh 1:13; Co2 3:18; Eph 4:23, Eph 4:24; Col 3:10; Heb 12:10; Jo1 3:2 having: Pe2 2:18-20; Gal 6:8; Jam 4:1-3; Pe1 4:2, Pe1 4:3; Jo1 2:15, Jo1 2:16 2 Peter 1:5”