1 Timothy Chapter 3

New Testament Epistle (Pauline) 16 Verses

What is 1 Timothy 3 about?

Paul's instructions to Timothy on church leadership, sound doctrine, and conduct in God's household. The complete chapter text below provides the immediate literary context for study.

Text — American Standard Version (1901)

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. For original Hebrew/Greek interlinear text, open in BibleWord.ai.
1Faithful is the saying, If a man seeketh the office of a bishop, he desireth a good work.
2The bishop therefore must be without reproach, the husband of one wife, temperate, sober-minded, orderly, given to hospitality, apt to teach;
3no brawler, no striker; but gentle, not contentious, no lover of money;
4one that ruleth well his own house, having [his] children in subjection with all gravity;
5(but if a man knoweth not how to rule his own house, how shall he take care of the church of God?)
6not a novice, lest being puffed up he fall into the condemnation of the devil.
7Moreover he must have good testimony from them that are without; lest he fall into reproach and the snare of the devil.
8Deacons in like manner [must be] grave, not double-tongued, not given to much wine, not greedy of filthy lucre;
9holding the mystery of the faith in a pure conscience.
10And let these also first be proved; then let them serve as deacons, if they be blameless.
11Women in like manner [must be] grave, not slanderers, temperate, faithful in all things.
12Let deacons be husbands of one wife, ruling [their] children and their own houses well.
13For they that have served well as deacons gain to themselves a good standing, and great boldness in the faith which is in Christ Jesus.
14These things write I unto thee, hoping to come unto thee shortly;
15but if I tarry long, that thou mayest know how men ought to behave themselves in the house of God, which is the church of the living God, the pillar and ground of the truth.
16And without controversy great is the mystery of godliness; He who was manifested in the flesh, Justified in the spirit, Seen of angels, Preached among the nations, Believed on in the world, Received up in glory.

What do historical commentaries say about this chapter?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · on verse 1
“This is a true saying, etc.] Some think this clause belongs to the last verse of the preceding chapter; and then the sense is, this is a doctrine that is true, and to be believed, that there is salvation through the birth of a Son, or through the incarnate Son of God, for men and women that believe in him, and continue in the faith of him, and love to him, joined with works of righteousness and holiness. And so the same phrase seems to belong to what goes before in (<540408>1 Timothy 4:8,9 <550210>2 Timothy 2:10,11). Though it regards what follows in (<540115>1 Timothy 1:15) and so it seems that it should be…”
Read attributed excerpt →
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · on verse 1
“RULES AS TO BISHOPS (OVERSEERS) AND DEACONS. THE CHURCH, AND THE GOSPEL MYSTERY NOW REVEALED TO IT, ARE THE END OF ALL SUCH RULES. (1Ti. 3:1-16) Translate as Greek, "Faithful is the saying." A needful preface to what follows: for the office of a bishop or overseer in Paul's day, attended as it was with hardship and often persecution, would not seem to the world generally a desirable and "good work." desire--literally, "stretch one's self forward to grasp"; "aim at": a distinct Greek verb from that for "desireth." What one does voluntarily is more esteemed than what he does when asked (Co1 16:15). This is utterly…”
Read attributed excerpt →
Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · on verse 1
“This is a trite saying - Greek, “Faithful is the word” - the very phrase which is used in 1 Timothy 1:15; see the notes on that verse. The idea here is, that it was worthy of credence; it was not to be doubted. If a man desire - Implying that there would be those who would wish to be put into the ministry. The Lord, undoubtedly, by his Spirit, often excites an earnest and irrepressible desire to preach the gospel - a desire so strong, that he in whom it exists can be satisfied in no other calling. In such a case, it should be regarded as one evidence of a call to this work. The apostle, however, by the statements…”
Read attributed excerpt →
Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · on verse 1
“He desireth a good work - An excellent, but laborious, employment. 1 Timothy 3:2”
Read attributed excerpt →
Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale House Publishers · Tyndale Open Study Notes · on verse 1
“3:1-13 The topic shifts to church leadership by elders (3:1-7) and deacons (3:8-13). Timothy’s role in the appointments is less clear than that of Titus (see 5:17-22; Titus 1:5), possibly because the church in Ephesus was more mature and thus better able to manage the process (cp. Acts 6:2-6). The criteria listed here pertain to character rather than function and are partly a response to the local heretics. Reading this letter in the churches would make the criteria public and demonstrate the unfitness of the heretics for leadership. 3:1 trustworthy saying: See study note on 1:15. • a church leader: The…”
Read attributed excerpt →
Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · on verse 1
“is a: Ti1 1:15, Ti1 4:9; Ti2 2:11; Tit 3:8 the office: Ti1 3:2-7; Act 1:20; Phi 1:1; Tit 1:7; Pe1 2:25 bishop: Act 20:28; Heb 12:15; Pe1 4:15, Pe1 5:2 \*Gr. desireth: Pro 11:30; Luk 15:10; Rom 11:13; Eph 4:12; Th1 5:14; Jam 5:19, Jam 5:20 1 Timothy 3:2”
Read attributed excerpt →

Related study paths

Sources and verification