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1 Samuel 14:44

Old Testament Historical ASV (1901)

What does 1 Samuel 14:44 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “And Saul said, God do so and more also; for thou shalt surely die, Jonathan.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

And Saul said, God do so and more also; for thou shalt surely die, Jonathan.
1 Samuel 14:44 — American Standard Version

Context — 1 Samuel 14

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
41Therefore Saul said unto Jehovah, the God of Israel, Show the right. And Jonathan and Saul were taken [by lot]; but the people escaped.
42And Saul said, Cast [lots] between me and Jonathan my son. And Jonathan was taken.
43Then Saul said to Jonathan, Tell me what thou hast done. And Jonathan told him, and said, I did certainly taste a little honey with the end of the rod that was in my hand; and, lo, I must die.
44And Saul said, God do so and more also; for thou shalt surely die, Jonathan.
45And the people said unto Saul, Shall Jonathan die, who hath wrought this great salvation in Israel? Far from it: as Jehovah liveth, there shall not one hair of his head fall to the ground; for he hath wrought with God this day. So the people rescued Jonathan, that he died not.
46Then Saul went up from following the Philistines; and the Philistines went to their own place.
47Now when Saul had taken the kingdom over Israel, he fought against all his enemies on every side, against Moab, and against the children of Ammon, and against Edom, and against the kings of Zobah, and against the Philistines: and whithersoever he turned himself, he put [them] to the worse.
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What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“And Saul answered, God do so and more also, etc.] A form of an oath imprecating evils upon him more and greater than he chose to mention, see the like form in (<080117>Ruth 1:17), though Abarbinel thinks this is not the form of an oath, but an asseveration of a curse that would befall him; as that God would not answer him when he inquired of him, and that he would add to do so again and again, if he died not: for thou shall surely die, Jonathan; such words from a father must be very striking to a son, and argue a want of paternal affection in Saul, that could call his son by his name, and deliver such a speech unto him in so strong a manner.”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“For thou, &c - We have no proof, that Saul did not act in this whole affair from a real fear of God. 1 Kings (1 Samuel) 14:45”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“God: Sa1 25:22; Rut 1:17; Sa2 3:9, Sa2 19:13 thou shalt: Sa1 14:39; Gen 38:24; Sa2 12:5, Sa2 12:31; Pro 25:16 1 Kings (1 Samuel) 14:45”
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Related study paths

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Sources and verification