1 Samuel 1:2

“And he had two wives, etc.] Which, though connived at in those times, was contrary to the original law of marriage; and for which, though a good man, he was chastised, and had a great deal of vexation and trouble, the two wives not agreeing with each other; perhaps not having children by the one so soon as he hoped and wished for, he took another: the name of the one was Hannah, and the name of the other Peninnah; the first name signifies “grace” or “gracious”, and she was a woman who had the grace of God, and very probably was also very comely, beautiful, and acceptable, as she was in the sight of her husband; the other signifies a cornered gem, a precious stone or jewel, as the pearl,…”

“He had two wives - Compare Genesis 4:19. This was permitted by the law Deuteronomy 21:15, and sanctioned by the practice of Jacob Genesis 29:0, Ashur 1 Chronicles 4:5, Shaharaim 1 Chronicles 8:8, David 1 Samuel 25:43, Joash 2 Chronicles 24:3, and others. Hannah - i. e. “Beauty or charm,” is the same as “Anna” Luke 2:36. Peninnah - i. e. “a Pearl,” is the same name in signification as “Marqaret.” The frequent recurrence of the mention of barrenness in those women who were afterward famous through their progeny (as Sarah, Rebekah, Rachel) coupled with the prophetic language of Hannah’s song in 1 Samuel 2:0, justifies us in seeking a mystical sense. Besides the apparent purpose of marking the…”

“Two wives - As many had in those ages, tho' it was a transgression of the original institution of marriage. And it is probable that he took his second wife, namely, Peninnah, because Hannah was barren. 1 Kings (1 Samuel) 1:3”

“1:2 Hardly an instance exists in Scripture where a man’s simultaneous marriage to two wives did not produce serious friction (1:6-7; Gen 16; 21; 29).”

“two: Gen 4:19, Gen 4:23, Gen 29:23-29; Jdg 8:30; Mat 19:8 but: Gen 16:1, Gen 16:2, Gen 25:21, Gen 29:31; Jdg 13:2; Luk 1:7 1 Kings (1 Samuel) 1:3”