1 Kings 22:11

“And Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah made him horns of iron, etc.] Horns are emblems of power and might, and iron ones of greater strength still; the prophets sometimes made use of visible signs, to represent the things they prophesied of should come to pass, (see <232002>Isaiah 20:2,3 <242702>Jeremiah 27:2), and the same method this prophet took: and he saith, thus saith the Lord; imitating the true prophets: with these shall thou push the Syrians until thou hast consumed them: Abarbinel thinks he had in view the blessing of Joseph by Moses, (<053317>Deuteronomy 33:17) where he is compared to a bullock with horns; and these said to be the ten thousands of Ephraim, and the thousands of…”

“Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah made him horns of iron--Small projections, of the size and form of our candle extinguishers (worn in many parts of the East as military ornaments), were worn by the Syrians of that time, and probably by the Israelite warriors also. Zedekiah, by assuming two horns, personated two heroes, and, pretending to be a prophet, wished in this manner to represent the kings of Israel and Judah in a military triumph. It was a symbolic action, to impart greater force to his language (see Deu 33:17); but it was little more than a flourish with a spontoon [CALMET, Fragments].”

“Horns of iron - The horn in Scripture is the favorite symbol of power; and pushing with the horn is a common metaphor for attacking and conquering enemies (see Deuteronomy 33:17; Compare Psalms 44:5; Daniel 8:4). Zedekiah, in employing a symbolic action, was following the example of a former Israelite prophet 1 Kings 11:30. Thus saith the Lord - Or, יהוה yehovâh. Zedekiah lays aside the unmeaningful “Lord” אדני 'ǎdonāy of the general company of Israelite prophets 1 Kings 22:6, and professes to have a direct message from Yahweh to Ahab. He may have believed his own words, for the “lying spirit” 1 Kings 22:22 may have seemed to him a messenger from Yahweh. All the rest followed his example…”

“horns of iron: Jer 27:2, Jer 28:10-14; Zac 1:18-21; Act 19:13-16; Co2 11:13-15; Ti2 3:8 Thus saith: Jer 23:17, Jer 23:25, Jer 23:31, Jer 28:2, Jer 28:3, Jer 29:21; Eze 13:6-9, Eze 22:27, Eze 22:28; Mic 3:11 3 Kings (1 Kings) 22:12”