1 Kings 11:14

“And the Lord stirred up an adversary unto Solomon, Hadad the Edomite, etc.] Though he did not take his kingdom from him for his sin, he chastised him with the rod of men, as he said he would; suffering one, and then another, to rise up and disturb his peace in his old age, (see <100714>2 Samuel 7:14) he was of the king’s seed in Edom; of the blood royal.”

“SOLOMON'S ADVERSARIES. (1Ki. 11:14-40) the Lord stirred up an adversary--that is, permitted him, through the impulse of his own ambition, or revenge, to attack Israel. During the war of extermination, which Joab carried on in Edom (Sa2 8:13), this Hadad, of the royal family, a mere boy when rescued from the sword of the ruthless conqueror, was carried into Egypt, hospitably entertained, and became allied with the house of the Egyptian king. In after years, the thought of his native land and his lost kingdom taking possession of his mind, he, on learning the death of David and Joab, renounced the ease, possessions, and glory of his Egyptian residence, to return to Edom and attempt the…”

“The writer has reserved for this place the various troubles of Solomon’s reign, not allowing them to interrupt his previous narrative. He has, consequently, not followed chronological order. Hadad’s 1 Kings 11:23 and Rezon’s opposition belong to the early years of Solomon’s reign. Hadad was a royal title (perhaps, the Syriac name for “the Sun”) both in Syria and in Idumaea (compare Genesis 36:35; 1 Chronicles 1:51). return to 'Top of Page'”

“11:14-40 God delivered Solomon’s punishment through three political adversaries, Hadad, Rezon, and Jeroboam (see 11:40). 11:14-22 Solomon’s first adversary was Hadad. David had fought against the Edomites and defeated them with a great slaughter (2 Sam 8:13-14; 1 Chr 18:13-14). Hadad was the only member of the Edomite royal house to survive and escape. He had gone to Egypt with a number of followers, where the Egyptian king received him as a potential ally and gave him his wife’s sister in marriage. When David and . . . Joab died, Hadad returned to Edom, awaiting an opportunity to retaliate against Israel.”

“the Lord: Kg1 12:15; Sa1 26:19; Sa2 24:1; Ch1 5:26; Isa 10:5, Isa 10:26, Isa 13:17 an adversary: Sa2 7:14; Psa 89:30-34 3 Kings (1 Kings) 11:15”

“Solomon's Opponents. - Although the punishment with which Solomon was threatened for his apostasy was not to be inflicted till after his death, the Lord raised up several adversaries even during his lifetime, who endangered the peace of his kingdom, and were to serve as constant reminders that he owed his throne and his peaceable rule over the whole of the kingdom inherited from his father solely to the mercy, the fidelity, and the long-suffering of God. - The rising up of Hadad and Rezon took place even before the commencement of Solomon's idolatry, but it is brought by יהוה ויּקם ( Kg1 11:14) into logical connection with the punishment with which he is threatened in consequence of that…”