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1 Chronicles 2:4

Old Testament Historical ASV (1901)

What does 1 Chronicles 2:4 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “And Tamar his daughter-in-law bare him Perez and Zerah. All the sons of Judah were five.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

And Tamar his daughter-in-law bare him Perez and Zerah. All the sons of Judah were five.
1 Chronicles 2:4 — American Standard Version

Context — 1 Chronicles 2

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
1These are the sons of Israel: Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun,
2Dan, Joseph, and Benjamin, Naphtali, Gad, and Asher.
3The sons of Judah: Er, and Onan, and Shelah; which three were born unto him of Shua`s daughter the Canaanitess. And Er, Judah`s first-born, was wicked in the sight of Jehovah; and he slew him.
4And Tamar his daughter-in-law bare him Perez and Zerah. All the sons of Judah were five.
5The sons of Perez: Hezron, and Hamul.
6And the sons of Zerah: Zimri, and Ethan, and Heman, and Calcol, and Dara; five of them in all.
7And the sons of Carmi: Achar, the troubler of Israel, who committed a trespass in the devoted thing.
← 1 Chronicles 2:31 Chronicles 2:5 →
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What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“And Tamar his daughter in law bare him Pharez and Zerah, etc.] Through incest; they were twins, (<013827>Genesis 38:27-30) all the sons of Judah were five; who are before mentioned by name.”
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Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale House Publishers · Tyndale Open Study Notes · Modern study notes
“2:4-5 The main ancestral line of David descends from Perez, one of the sons of Tamar, Judah’s widowed daughter-in-law. • Hamul, one of Perez’s sons, is ignored completely; the Chronicler might not have had information about him.”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“Tamar: Gen. 38:13-30; Rut 4:12; Mat 1:3, Thamar Pharez: Ch1 9:4; Num 26:21; Rut 4:18; Neh 11:4, Perez, Mat 1:3; Luk 3:33, Phares Zerah: Ch1 9:6; Num 26:13, Num 26:20; Neh 11:24; Mat 1:3, Zara 1 Chronicles 2:5”
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Related study paths

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Sources and verification