Song of Solomon 6:10

Old Testament Poetry/Wisdom ASV (1901)

What does Song of Solomon 6:10 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “Who is she that looketh forth as the morning, Fair as the moon, Clear as the sun, Terrible as an army with banners?” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

Who is she that looketh forth as the morning, Fair as the moon, Clear as the sun, Terrible as an army with banners?
Song of Solomon 6:10 — American Standard Version

Context — Song of Solomon 6

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
10Who is she that looketh forth as the morning, Fair as the moon, Clear as the sun, Terrible as an army with banners?

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“Who is she [that] looketh forth as the morning? etc.] These words may be connected with the preceding, by a supplement of the word “saying”; and so may express what the daughters said, when they blessed and praised the church, wondering at her beauty, it being like the rising morning; so Helena is said to show her beautiful face, awv antelloisa, as the morning, when it springs forthf399: there was a city in the tribe of Reuben, called Zarethshahar, the beauty or splendour of the morning, (<061319>Joshua 13:19). Homer often describes the morning by her rosy fingersf400, and as clothed with a saffron garmentf401, and as beautiful and divinef402, and fair hairedf403; and as on a golden throne…”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“The chorus address the bride here only as the Shulamite, and beg her to perform for their entertainment a sacred dance (see Song of Solomon 6:13) of her own country. The bride, after complying with their request, while they sing some stanzas in her praise Song of Solomon 7:1-5, and after receiving fresh commendations from the king Song of Solomon 7:6-10, invites him to return with her to her mother’s house Song of Solomon 7:11-4. Many Jewish allegorists interpret the whole as referring to the times of the second temple, and to the present dispersion of Israel, during which, God continuing to vouchsafe His mercy, Israel prays for final restoration, the coming of Messiah, and the glory of the…”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“Who - These are the words of the queens and concubines. Who, what manner of person is this, how excellent and glorious! Morning - As the morning light, which coming after the darkness, is very pleasant and amiable. Song of Solomon (Canticles) 6:11”
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Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale House Publishers · Tyndale Open Study Notes · Modern study notes
“6:10 The poem ends as it began in 6:4: The woman’s majesty, like an army with billowing banners in full display, makes the knees knock and the heart flutter.”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“Who: Sol 3:6, Sol 8:5; Isa 63:1; Rev 21:10, Rev 21:11 looketh: Sa2 23:4; Job 11:17; Pro 4:18; Isa 58:8; Hos 6:5; Rev 22:16 fair: Job 31:26; Eph 5:27 clear: Psa 14:5; Mal 4:2; Mat 13:43, Mat 17:2; Rev 10:1, Rev 12:1, Rev 21:23, Rev 22:5 terrible: Sol 6:4; Rom 8:37 Song of Solomon (Canticles) 6:11”
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Keil & Delitzsch
C. F. Keil & F. Delitzsch · Commentary on the Old Testament · 19th-century historical commentary
“10 Who is this that looketh forth like the morning-red, Beautiful as the moon, pure as the sun, Terrible as a battle-host? The question, "Who is this?" is the same as at Sol 3:6. There, it refers to her who was brought to the king; here, it refers to her who moves in that which is his as her own. There, the "this" is followed by עלה appositionally; here, by הנּשׁ looking forth determ., and thus more closely connected with it; but then indeterm., and thus apposit. predicates follow. The verb שׁקף signifies to bend forward, to overhang; whence the Hiph. השׁקיף and Niph. שׁקף, to look out, since in doing so one bends forward (vid., under Psa 14:2). The lxx here translates it by ἐκκύπτουσα,…”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification