Song of Solomon 4:14

Old Testament Poetry/Wisdom ASV (1901)

What does Song of Solomon 4:14 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “Spikenard and saffron, Calamus and cinnamon, with all trees of frankincense; Myrrh and aloes, with all the chief spices.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

Spikenard and saffron, Calamus and cinnamon, with all trees of frankincense; Myrrh and aloes, with all the chief spices.
Song of Solomon 4:14 — American Standard Version

Context — Song of Solomon 4

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
14Spikenard and saffron, Calamus and cinnamon, with all trees of frankincense; Myrrh and aloes, with all the chief spices.

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“Spikenard and saffron, etc.] The former is the best sort of nard, and therefore mentioned and repeated, to which saints may be compared, because of the graces of the Spirit in them; which, when exercised, give a sweet odour, and are exceeding grateful to Christ; (see <220112>Song of Solomon 1:12); and the latter, according to Schindlerf284, seems to have been read “carcos”, the same with “crocus”, and is a plant well known by us for its cheering nature; and has its name from the Arabic, “zaffran”, because of its yellow or golden colour; but “crocus”, from “Corycus”f285, a mountain in Cilicia, where it grew; it is properly joined with spikenard, since itself is a “spica”, and is sometimes…”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“The loveliness and purity of the bride are now set forth under the image of a paradise or garden fast barred against intruders, filled with rarest plants of excellent fragrance, and watered by abundant streams. Compare Proverbs 5:15-20. Song of Solomon 4:12 A fountain sealed - i. e., A well-spring covered with a stone Genesis 29:3, and sealed with “the king’s own signet” (Daniel 6:17; compare Matthew 27:66). Song of Solomon 4:13 Orchard - This is the renderlng here and in Ecclesiastes 2:5 of “pardes” (see Nehemiah 2:8 note). The pomegranate was for the Jews a sacred fruit, and a characteristic product of the land of promise (compare Exodus 28:33-34; Numbers 20:5; Deuteronomy 8:8; 1 Kings…”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“All trees - Such trees as produce frankincense. Song of Solomon (Canticles) 4:15”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“calamus: Exo 30:23; Eze 27:19 cinnamon: Pro 7:17; Rev 18:13 trees: Sol 4:6, Sol 5:1; Num 24:6 the chief: Sol 6:2; Gen 43:11; Kg1 10:10; Ch2 9:9; Mar 16:1 Song of Solomon (Canticles) 4:15”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification