Revelation 21:14

New Testament Apocalyptic ASV (1901)

What does Revelation 21:14 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “And the wall of the city had twelve foundations, and on them twelve names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

And the wall of the city had twelve foundations, and on them twelve names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb.
Revelation 21:14 — American Standard Version

Context — Revelation 21

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
14And the wall of the city had twelve foundations, and on them twelve names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb.

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“And the wall of the city had twelve foundations, etc.] Christ is the one and only foundation of his church and people, of the covenant of grace, and of salvation; and of faith, hope, peace, and joy, and of eternal happiness, and so of this glorious state of the church; he will be the light and temple of it, the glory and safety of it; he will be all in all in it; but because he has been ministerially laid as the foundation, by the twelve apostles, for men to build their present and future happiness upon, therefore the foundations of the wall of salvation are said to be twelve; (see <490220> Ephesians 2:20). Moreover, this may denote the firm and immovable state of the church at this time, it…”
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Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“twelve foundations--Joshua, the type of Jesus, chose twelve men out of the people, to carry twelve stones over the Jordan with them, as Jesus chose twelve apostles to be the twelve foundations of the heavenly city, of which He is Himself the Chief corner-stone. Peter is not the only apostolic rock on whose preaching Christ builds His Church. Christ Himself is the true foundation: the twelve are foundations only in regard to their apostolic testimony concerning Him. Though Paul was an apostle besides the twelve, yet the mystical number is retained, twelve representing the Church, namely thirty the divine number, multiplied by four, the world number. in them the names, &c.--As architects often…”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“And the wall of the city had twelve foundations - It is not said whether these foundations were twelve rows of stones placed one above another under the city, and extending round it, or whether they were twelve stones placed at intervals. The former would seem to be the most probable, as the latter would indicate comparative feebleness and liability to fall. Compare the notes on Revelation 21:19. And in them - In the foundation of stones. That is, the names of the apostles were cut or carved in them so as to be conspicuous. The names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb - Of the Lamb of God; the Messiah. For an illustration of this passage, see the notes on Ephesians 2:20. return to 'Top of…”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“And the wall of the city had twelve foundations, and on them the names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb - Figuratively showing that the inhabitants of the city had built only on that faith which the apostles once delivered to the saints. Revelation 21:15”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“foundations: Rev 21:19-21; Isa 54:11; Heb 11:10 and in: Rev 18:20; Mat 10:2-4, Mat 16:18; Co1 3:10, Co1 3:11; Gal 2:9; Eph 2:20, Eph 3:5, Eph 4:11; Jde 1:17 Revelation 21:15”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification