Revelation 19:14

New Testament Apocalyptic ASV (1901)

What does Revelation 19:14 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “And the armies which are in heaven followed him upon white horses, clothed in fine linen, white [and] pure.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

And the armies which are in heaven followed him upon white horses, clothed in fine linen, white [and] pure.
Revelation 19:14 — American Standard Version

Context — Revelation 19

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
14And the armies which are in heaven followed him upon white horses, clothed in fine linen, white [and] pure.

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“And the armies which were in heaven, etc.] Not the angels, though they are God's host, and are the armies of the heavens; they are in heaven, and dwell there, and follow Christ, attend upon him, and minister to him, and have been sometimes represented by horses and horsemen, (<120211>2 Kings 2:11 6:17 <380108>Zechariah 1:8) and they are pure and holy creatures, and will come with Christ to judgment: but this vision refers not to the day of judgment; and besides, the saints are meant, as appears by their habit, for the fine linen, white and clean, is the righteousness of the saints, (<661908>Revelation 19:8) and the righteousness of angels and saints is not the same. Moreover, these are the…”
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Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“the armies . . . in heaven--Compare "the horse bridles," Rev 14:20. The glorified saints whom God "will bring with" Christ at His advent; compare Rev 17:14, "they that are with Him, called, chosen, faithful"; as also "His mighty angels." white and clean--Greek, "pure." A, B, Vulgate, Syriac, and CYPRIAN omit "and," which ORIGEN and ANDREAS retain, as English Version.”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“And the armies which were in heaven followed him - The heavenly hosts; particularly, it would seem, the redeemed, as there would be some incongruity in representing the angels as riding in this manner. Doubtless the original of this picture is Isaiah 63:3; “I have trodden the wine-press alone, and of the people there was none with me.” These hosts of the redeemed on white horses accompany him to be witnesses of his victory, and to participate in the joy of the triumph, not to engage in the work of blood. Upon white horses - Emblems of triumph or victory. See the notes on Revelation 6:2. Clothed in fine linen, white and clean - The usual raiment of those who are in heaven, as everywhere…”
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Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale House Publishers · Tyndale Open Study Notes · Modern study notes
“19:14 Christ’s armies of heaven, dressed in victorious white and riding on white horses, contrast with the locust forces of the abyss (9:3-11), the three frog-like evil spirits (16:13), and the defeated armies at Armageddon (16:16; see also 19:19).”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“the armies: Rev 14:1, Rev 14:20, Rev 17:14; Psa 68:17, Psa 149:6-9; Zac 14:5; Mat 26:53; Th2 1:7; Jde 1:14 white horses: Rev 19:11 clothed: Rev 19:8, Rev 4:4, Rev 7:9; Mat 28:3 Revelation 19:15”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification