Psalms 5:10

“Destroy thou them, O God, etc.] Or “make them guilty” f88; that is, make them appear to be guilty, either to themselves, that they may acknowledge their offences, confess their guilt, and ask for pardon; or to others, pronounce them guilty, pass the sentence of condemnation on them: and the Chaldee paraphrase and the Syriac version render it by byj, “condemn them”, or hold them guilty; and the Septuagint, Vulgate Latin, Arabic, and Ethiopic versions, “judge” them; treat them as guilty persons, punish them, destroy them, soul and body, with an everlasting destruction; let them fall by their own counsels; into the pit they have dug for others; as Haman fell by his counsels, and was hanged on…”

“Destroy--or, "condemn" them to destruction as guilty.”

“Destroy thou them, O God - The word here rendered “destroy” is translated by Prof. Alexander “condemn” - “condemn them; literally, make them guilty; that is, recognize and treat them as such.” The Hebrew word אשׁם 'âsham, means to fail in duty, to transgress, to be guilty; in the Hiphil, the form used here, according to Gesenius, to “punish; and hence, to destroy,” (Lexicon) The idea in the mind of the psalmist seems to have been that he desired, since they were undoubtedly guilty, that God would regard and treat them “as such.” It is not that he wished that God would make them guilty; or that, in itself considered, he desired that they should be found to be so, or that, in itself…”

“Destroy - Condemn and punish them. Cast - Out of thy land, and from among thy people. Next: Psalms Chapter 6”

“5:10 The psalmist prays for the justice and retribution that God promised against the wicked (1:6)—those who have rebelled against the Lord. • The wicked lay traps to kill (38:12) or deceive (140:4-5).”

“Destroy: or, Make them guilty, Rom 3:19, Rom 3:20 let: Psa 7:9-15, Psa 9:15, Psa 9:16, Psa 10:15, Psa 17:13, Psa 21:8-10, Psa 28:3, Psa 28:4, Psa 31:18, Psa 35:1-8, Psa 35:26; Psa 55:15, Psa 59:12, Psa 59:13, Psa 64:6-8, Psa 66:7, Psa 68:1, Psa 68:2, Psa 69:22-25, Psa 71:13, Psa 79:12; Psa 83:9-18, Psa 109:6-20, Psa 137:7-9, Psa 140:9, Psa 140:10, Psa 144:6, Psa 144:7; Deu 2:30; Sa1 25:29, Sa1 25:39; Sa2 15:31, Sa2 17:14, Sa2 17:23; Ch2 25:16; Est 7:10; Job 5:12-14; Co1 3:19 by: or, from the: Lam 1:5; Hos 9:7 they: Isa 1:2, Isa 1:20, Isa 63:10; Dan 9:5, Dan 9:9 Psalms 5:11”

“(Heb.: 5:11-13) The verb אשׁם or אשׁם unites in itself the three closely allied meanings of becoming guilty (e.g., Lev 5:19), of a feeling of guilt ( Lev 5:4.), and of expiation ( Psa 34:22.); just as the verbal adj. אשׁם also signifies both liable to punishment and expiating, and the substantive אשׁם both the guilt to be expiated and the expiation. The Hiph. האשׁים signifies to cause any one to render the expiation due to his fault, to make him do penance. As an exception God is here, in the midst of the Jehovic Psalms, called אלהים, perhaps not altogether unintentionally as being God the Judge. The מן of ממּעצותיהם (with Gaja by the מן and a transition of the counter-tone Metheg into…”