Psalms 23:2

Old Testament Poetry/Hymns ASV (1901)

What does Psalms 23:2 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “He maketh me to lie down in green pastures; He leadeth me beside still waters.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

He maketh me to lie down in green pastures; He leadeth me beside still waters.
Psalms 23:2 — American Standard Version

Context — Psalms 23

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
2He maketh me to lie down in green pastures; He leadeth me beside still waters.

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“He maketh me to lie down in green pastures, etc.] Or “pastures of tender grass” f364; this is one part of the shepherd’s work, and which is performed by Christ, (<263414>Ezekiel 34:14 <431009>John 10:9); by these “green pastures” may be meant the covenant of grace, its blessings and promises, where there is delicious feeding; likewise the fulness of grace in Christ, from whence grace for grace is received; also the flesh and blood, righteousness and sacrifice, of Christ, which faith is led unto and lives upon, and is refreshed and invigorated by; to which may be added the doctrines of the Gospel, with which Christ’s under-shepherds feed his lambs and sheep, there being in them milk for babes…”
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Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown · Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“green pastures--or, "pastures of tender grass," are mentioned, not in respect to food, but as places of cool and refreshing rest. the still waters--are, literally, "waters of "stillness," whose quiet flow invites to repose. They are contrasted with boisterous streams on the one hand, and stagnant, offensive pools on the other.”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“Lie down - To repose myself at noon, as the manner was in those hot countries. Green - Where there is both delight and plenty of provisions. Psalms 23:3”
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Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale House Publishers · Tyndale Open Study Notes · Modern study notes
“23:2 Sheep rest after they have eaten their fill (Zeph 3:13; see Isa 11:7; cp. Isa 13:20; 27:10). • The Lord leads the sheep for their own benefit (see Ps 5:8). • Sheep only drink from still water, so the shepherd seeks out peaceful streams for his flock.”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“maketh: Isa 30:23; Eze 34:13, Eze 34:14 green pastures: Heb. pastures of tender grass leadeth: Psa 46:4; Isa 49:9, Isa 49:10; Rev 7:17, Rev 21:6, Rev 22:1, Rev 22:17 still waters: Heb. waters of quietness, Job 34:29; Isa 8:6 Psalms 23:3”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification