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Proverbs 30:31

Old Testament Wisdom/Poetry ASV (1901)

What does Proverbs 30:31 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “The greyhound; the he-goat also; And the king against whom there is no rising up.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

The greyhound; the he-goat also; And the king against whom there is no rising up.
Proverbs 30:31 — American Standard Version

Context — Proverbs 30

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
28The lizard taketh hold with her hands, Yet is she in kings` palaces.
29There are three things which are stately in their march, Yea, four which are stately in going:
30The lion, which is mightiest among beasts, And turneth not away for any;
31The greyhound; the he-goat also; And the king against whom there is no rising up.
32If thou hast done foolishly in lifting up thyself, Or if thou hast thought evil, [Lay] thy hand upon thy mouth.
33For the churning of milk bringeth forth butter, And the wringing of the nose bringeth forth blood; So the forcing of wrath bringeth forth strife.
← Proverbs 30:30Proverbs 30:32 →
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What do historical commentaries say?

Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“A greyhound - The Hebrew word occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament. The literal meaning is: “one with loins girded;” and some have referred this to the stripes of the zebra, others to the “war-horse” (compare Job 39:19, Job 39:25), as he is represented in the sculptures of Persepolis, with rich and stately trappings. A king, against whom there is no rising up - i. e., A king irresistible. Others prefer, “a king in the midst of his people,” and the sense, as giving a more vivid picture, is certainly more satisfactory. return to 'Top of Page'”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“An he - goat - Which marches in the head of the flock in a grave and stately manner, conducting them with great courage and resolution, and being ready to fight for them, either with beasts or men that oppose him. A king - Heb. a king and his people with him, a king when he hath the hearts and hands of his people going along with him in his undertakings. Proverbs 30:32”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“greyhound: or, horse, Heb. girt in the lions against: Pro 16:14, Pro 20:2; Dan 3:15-18 Proverbs 30:32”
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Related study paths

Read Proverbs 30 in contextBrowse Hebrew word studiesOpen this verse in the study reader

Sources and verification