Proverbs 21:31

Old Testament Wisdom/Poetry ASV (1901)

What does Proverbs 21:31 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “The horse is prepared against the day of battle; But victory is of Jehovah.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

The horse is prepared against the day of battle; But victory is of Jehovah.
Proverbs 21:31 — American Standard Version

Context — Proverbs 21

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
31The horse is prepared against the day of battle; But victory is of Jehovah.

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“The horse [is] prepared against the day of battle, etc.] The horse is a warlike creature, and was much used formerly, as now, in war; these are prepared against the day of battle, to mount the cavalry with; and men are apt to put too great confidence in them: this is mentioned instead of all other military preparations and instruments of war; but safety [is] of the Lord; a horse is a vain thing for safety, (<193317>Psalm 33:17); victory is only of the Lord; salvation depends upon him; it is he that covers men’s heads in the day of battle, and gives them victory over their enemies: or “salvation [is] of the Lord”f593; this is true of spiritual and eternal salvation, as well as of temporal…”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“Two companion proverbs. Nothing avails against, nothing without, God. The horse is the type of warlike strength, used chiefly or exclusively in battle. 1Ki 4:26; 1 Kings 10:26-28, may be thought of as having given occasion to the latter of the two proverbs. return to 'Top of Page' Footnotes: Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliographical Information Barnes, Albert. "Commentary on Proverbs 21". "Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible". https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/eng/bnb/proverbs-21.html. 1870. StudyLight.org &copy;&#160;2001-2026 Powered by Lightspeed Technology”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“The horse - Under which all war - like provisions are comprehended. Next: Proverbs Chapter 22”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“horse: Psa 20:7, Psa 33:17, Psa 33:18, Psa 147:10; Ecc 9:11; Isa 31:1 but: Psa 3:3, Psa 3:8, Psa 68:20 safety: or, victory, Psa 144:10 \*marg. Next: Proverbs Chapter 22”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification