Nahum 1:2

Old Testament Minor Prophet ASV (1901)

What does Nahum 1:2 say?

The American Standard Version records this verse as: “Jehovah is a jealous God and avengeth; Jehovah avengeth and is full of wrath; Jehovah taketh vengeance on his adversaries, and he reserveth [wrath] for his enemies.” Read the surrounding verses and the named sources below before drawing broader conclusions.

The verse

Jehovah is a jealous God and avengeth; Jehovah avengeth and is full of wrath; Jehovah taketh vengeance on his adversaries, and he reserveth [wrath] for his enemies.
Nahum 1:2 — American Standard Version

Context — Nahum 1

American Standard Version (1901) — public domain. Click any verse for its study page.
2Jehovah is a jealous God and avengeth; Jehovah avengeth and is full of wrath; Jehovah taketh vengeance on his adversaries, and he reserveth [wrath] for his enemies.

What do historical commentaries say?

John Gill's Exposition
John Gill (1697–1771) · Exposition of the Old and New Testament · 18th-century historical commentary
“God [is] jealous, and the Lord revengeth, etc.] He is jealous of his own honour and glory, and for his own worship and ordinances; and will not give his glory to another, nor his praise to graven images; and therefore will punish all idolaters, and particularly the idolatrous Assyrians: he is jealous for his people, and cannot bear to see them injured; and will avenge the affronts that are offered, and the indignities done unto them: the Lord revengeth, and [is] furious; or, is “master of wrath”f20; full of it, or has it at his command; can restrain it, and let it out as he pleases, which man cannot do; a furious and passionate man, who has no rule over his spirit. The Lord’s revenging is…”
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Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes (1798–1870) · Notes on the Whole Bible · 19th-century historical commentary
“God is jealous and the Lord revengeth - Rather (as the English margin) God “very jealous and avenging is the Lord.” The Name of God, יהוה (YHVH), “He who Is,” the Unchangeable, is thrice repeated, and thrice it is said of Him that He is an Avenger. It shows both the certainty and greatness of the vengeance, and that He who inflicts it, is the All-Holy Trinity, who have a care for the elect. God’s jealousy is twofold. It is an intense love, not bearing imperfections or unfaithfulness in that which It loves, and so chastening it; or not bearing the ill-dealings of those who would injure what It loves, and so destroying them. To Israel He had revealed Himself as “a Exodus 20:5-6 jealous God,…”
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley (1703–1791) · Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament and Old Testament notes · 18th-century historical commentary
“Jealous - For his own glory. Revengeth - As supreme governor, who by office is bound to right the oppressed, and to punish the oppressor. Nahum 1:3”
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Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge
R. A. Torrey and contributors · The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge · Cross-reference reference work
“God is jealous, and the Lord revengeth: or, The Lord is a jealous God, and a revenger, Exo 20:5, Exo 34:14; Deu 4:24; Jos 24:19; Isa 42:13; Eze 38:18, Eze 39:25; Joe 2:18; Zac 1:14, Zac 8:2 revengeth: Deu 32:35, Deu 32:42; Psa 94:1; Isa 59:17, Isa 59:18; Rom 12:19, Rom 13:4; Heb 10:30 is furious: Heb. that hath fury, Lev 26:28; Job 20:23; Isa 51:17, Isa 51:20, Isa 59:18, Isa 63:3-6, Isa 66:15; Jer 4:4, Jer 25:15, Jer 36:7; Lam 4:11; Eze 5:13, Eze 6:12, Eze 8:18, Eze 36:6; Mic 5:15; Zac 8:2 reserveth: Deu 32:34, Deu 32:35, Deu 32:41-43; Jer 3:5; Mic 7:18; Rom 2:5, Rom 2:6; Pe2 2:9 Nahum 1:3”
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Keil & Delitzsch
C. F. Keil & F. Delitzsch · Commentary on the Old Testament · 19th-century historical commentary
“The description of the divine justice, and its judicial manifestation on the earth, with which Nahum introduces his prophecy concerning Nineveh, has this double object: first of all, to indicate the connection between the destruction of the capital of the Assyrian empire, which is about to be predicted, and the divine purpose of salvation; and secondly, to cut off at the very outset all doubt as to the realization of this judgment. Nah 1:2. "A God jealous and taking vengeance is Jehovah; an avenger is Jehovah, and Lord of wrathful fury; an avenger is Jehovah to His adversaries, and He is One keeping wrath to His enemies. Nah 1:3. Jehovah is long-suffering and of great strength, and He does…”
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Related study paths

Sources and verification